Vergeltungswaffen (retaliation weapons) that were deployed by Germany against Britain during World War II. The V-1 was an unmanned aircraft powered by a pulse jet engine, its fuselage filled with high explosive. It was first used in June 1944 and 9251 were launched, most aimed at London; they killed 6184 civilians and injured 17,981. The V-2 was a rocket with a high-explosive warhead. The first was launched on 8 September 1944 and a total of 1115 were fired; they killed an estimated 2754 people and injured 2917. The V-3 was a cannon with multiple propellant charges at intervals along the barrel to accelerate the projectile as it passed. The supergun was never fired against Britain.