“catchment”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

catchment

Geology and Earth Sciences

The area from which a surface watercourse or a groundwater system derives its water. Catchments are separated by divides. A surface catchment area may overlie an aquifer system, but may be unconnected with the aquifer rock itself if there are intervening impermeable aquicludes. In US usage, a catchment is often termed a ‘watershed’.

Geography

The area drained by a river. Catchment shape can be expressed by its circularity ratio:
$R c = \frac{A}{A c}$
where Rc is the circularity ratio, A is the area of the catchment, and Ac is the area of a circle with the same circumference as the catchment. Catchment shape is a major influence on hydrological relationships in a landscape:
$L = 1.4 A^{0.6}$
where L = the length of the stream from its highest topographical point to the river mouth, and A = the area of the catchment. See K. Fryirs and G. Brierley (2012), for more detail. Sólyom (2011 ESPL 36, 4, 533) finds an intimate relationship between catchment shape and channel initiation. The initiation of a channel on an initially unchannelized surface sets up the initial flow-path structure, which consequently defines the boundaries of the channel’s first-order catchment.

单词	catchment
释义	catchment Geology and Earth Sciences The area from which a surface watercourse or a groundwater system derives its water. Catchments are separated by divides. A surface catchment area may overlie an aquifer system, but may be unconnected with the aquifer rock itself if there are intervening impermeable aquicludes. In US usage, a catchment is often termed a ‘watershed’. Geography The area drained by a river. Catchment shape can be expressed by its circularity ratio: $R c = \frac{A}{A c}$ where Rc is the circularity ratio, A is the area of the catchment, and Ac is the area of a circle with the same circumference as the catchment. Catchment shape is a major influence on hydrological relationships in a landscape: $L = 1.4 A^{0.6}$ where L = the length of the stream from its highest topographical point to the river mouth, and A = the area of the catchment. See K. Fryirs and G. Brierley (2012), for more detail. Sólyom (2011 ESPL 36, 4, 533) finds an intimate relationship between catchment shape and channel initiation. The initiation of a channel on an initially unchannelized surface sets up the initial flow-path structure, which consequently defines the boundaries of the channel’s first-order catchment.
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