A propositional constant sometimes added to a formal language as a representation of an arbitrary logical truth. Verum appears in fewer contexts than the other Church constant, i.e., its mate falsum (), which plays an important role in the interpretation of intuitionistic logic. Verum appears in settings in which operations dual to intuitionistic notions are studied, e.g., while intuitionistic negation is read as ‘ implies ’, a dual negation can be constructed by appealing to the connective of coimplication by the scheme: ‘ coimplies ’. In the context of relevant logic, verum is contrasted with a second truth constant, the Ackermann constant . While in relevant logic, verum is considered the weakest of logical truths, is treated as the conjunction of all logical truths—and hence, the strongest of them— although these two connectives converge in, e.g., intuitionistic and classical logic.