“contact process”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

contact process

Chemistry

A process for making sulphuric acid from sulphur dioxide (SO₂), which is made by burning sulphur or by roasting sulphide ores. A mixture of sulphur dioxide and air is passed over a hot catalyst
$2 {SO}_{2} + O_{2} \to 2 {SO}_{3}$
The reaction is exothermic and the conditions are controlled to keep the temperature at an optimum 450°C. Formerly, platinum catalysts were used but vanadium–vanadium oxide catalysts are now mainly employed (although less efficient, they are less susceptible to poisoning). The sulphur trioxide is dissolved in sulphuric acid
$H_{2} {SO}_{4} + {SO}_{3} \to H_{2} S_{2} O_{7}$
and the oleum is then diluted.

Chemical Engineering

A major industrial process used for the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid is widely used with large quantities involved in the making of rayon, the refining of petroleum, and the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and paints. The process involves the exothermic reaction of combining sulphur dioxide and oxygen to produce sodium trioxide, SO₃. The sulphur is produced by roasting ores such as iron pyrites, FeS₂. Excess oxygen is used and the process is controlled at as low a temperature as possible. Platinum catalysts were once used. However, due to their susceptibility to poisoning, especially by arsenious oxide, As₄O₆, finely divided vanadium and vanadium pentoxide catalysts are preferred since these are less susceptible to poisoning although less efficient. The sulphur trioxide is not absorbed in water due to an unmanageable mist of sulphuric acid droplets that is produced, but instead the cooled gases are passed up a tower down which 98 per cent sulphuric acid flows. The water in this acid forms the acid H₂+SO₃=H₂SO₄. The adsorption can be carried further to produce fuming sulphuric acid or oleum:
$H_{2} S O_{4} + S O_{3} = H_{2} S_{2} O_{7}$

The process was invented in 1831 in the UK by P. Phillips Jr. and is named after the German kontaktverfahren meaning ‘catalytic process’. It was once in competition with the lead chamber process.

单词	contact process
释义	contact process Chemistry A process for making sulphuric acid from sulphur dioxide (SO₂), which is made by burning sulphur or by roasting sulphide ores. A mixture of sulphur dioxide and air is passed over a hot catalyst $2 {SO}_{2} + O_{2} \to 2 {SO}_{3}$ The reaction is exothermic and the conditions are controlled to keep the temperature at an optimum 450°C. Formerly, platinum catalysts were used but vanadium–vanadium oxide catalysts are now mainly employed (although less efficient, they are less susceptible to poisoning). The sulphur trioxide is dissolved in sulphuric acid $H_{2} {SO}_{4} + {SO}_{3} \to H_{2} S_{2} O_{7}$ and the oleum is then diluted. Chemical Engineering A major industrial process used for the manufacture of sulphuric acid. Sulphuric acid is widely used with large quantities involved in the making of rayon, the refining of petroleum, and the manufacture of fertilizers, pharmaceuticals, dyes, and paints. The process involves the exothermic reaction of combining sulphur dioxide and oxygen to produce sodium trioxide, SO₃. The sulphur is produced by roasting ores such as iron pyrites, FeS₂. Excess oxygen is used and the process is controlled at as low a temperature as possible. Platinum catalysts were once used. However, due to their susceptibility to poisoning, especially by arsenious oxide, As₄O₆, finely divided vanadium and vanadium pentoxide catalysts are preferred since these are less susceptible to poisoning although less efficient. The sulphur trioxide is not absorbed in water due to an unmanageable mist of sulphuric acid droplets that is produced, but instead the cooled gases are passed up a tower down which 98 per cent sulphuric acid flows. The water in this acid forms the acid H₂+SO₃=H₂SO₄. The adsorption can be carried further to produce fuming sulphuric acid or oleum: $H_{2} S O_{4} + S O_{3} = H_{2} S_{2} O_{7}$ The process was invented in 1831 in the UK by P. Phillips Jr. and is named after the German kontaktverfahren meaning ‘catalytic process’. It was once in competition with the lead chamber process.
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