1 Organisms in all the trophic levels, (herbivores, carnivores, omnivores, and parasites) except for producers. Primary consumers feed only on plant material; secondary consumers feed on primary consumers, and so on. Sullivan and Rohde (2002) J. Biogeog. 29, 12 see tight consumer-resource relations as ‘pulling a system towards equilibrium’.

2 A buyer of goods and services for her/his/others’ personal satisfaction, as opposed to income generation. Jackson (2002) PHG 26, 1, sees garment labels that one is looking at as a confirmation of one’s moral superiority, seeming to say to one ‘you’re an “alternative” person’; ‘you’d like to help the Indian economy’. Jackson sees these labels as rounds of commodification in an all-encompassing consumer culture. Slocum (2004) Env. & Plan. A 36 is more upbeat: ‘citizens…cannot be wholly embodied by constructions such as the consumer…[and] can position themselves as reasoning publics’.