“troposphere”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

troposphere

Physics

See earth’s atmosphere.

Astronomy

The lowest distinct layer within the atmosphere, extending from sea-level to the tropopause at an altitude of 10–15 km, depending on latitude and season. Weather systems are confined principally to the troposphere, which accounts for about 75% of the Earth’s total atmospheric mass. Temperatures fall with increasing height in the troposphere, reaching a minimum at the tropopause.

Biology

The lowest level of the earth’s atmosphere, extending from the earth’s surface to a height of about 10 km (its thickness varies from 7 km at the poles to 28 km at the equator). Within the troposphere temperature falls with increasing height, although temperature inversions can occur.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The layer of the atmosphere between the Earth’s surface and the tropopause, within which the air temperature on average decreases with height at a rate of about 6.5 °C/km, though variations that sometimes occur include inversions (temperature increase with height within some limited layer). Most of the atmospheric turbulence and weather features occur in this layer, which contains almost all the atmospheric water vapour and most of the aerosols in suspension in the atmosphere (although there is also an important aerosol layer at about 22 km). See also atmospheric structure.

Geography

The lower layer of the atmosphere, extending to 16 km above ground level at the equator, 11 km at 50 °N and S, and 9 km at the poles. Most clouds and precipitation, and, indeed, weather events, occur within this layer. Increasingly, it is understood that air movements in the upper troposphere greatly influence weather systems in the lower troposphere. See also jet stream; rossby waves.
Within the troposphere, temperatures of rising air fall, at varying lapse rates, because the air expands and, therefore, cools. Sinking parcels of air experience a corresponding heating. Most of the water vapour in the troposphere is concentrated in the lower, warmer zone; there is little where the temperature falls below about –40 °C because moist air, rising through convection or turbulence, condenses out as ice crystals form.

单词	troposphere
释义	troposphere Physics See earth’s atmosphere. Astronomy The lowest distinct layer within the atmosphere, extending from sea-level to the tropopause at an altitude of 10–15 km, depending on latitude and season. Weather systems are confined principally to the troposphere, which accounts for about 75% of the Earth’s total atmospheric mass. Temperatures fall with increasing height in the troposphere, reaching a minimum at the tropopause. Biology The lowest level of the earth’s atmosphere, extending from the earth’s surface to a height of about 10 km (its thickness varies from 7 km at the poles to 28 km at the equator). Within the troposphere temperature falls with increasing height, although temperature inversions can occur. Geology and Earth Sciences The layer of the atmosphere between the Earth’s surface and the tropopause, within which the air temperature on average decreases with height at a rate of about 6.5 °C/km, though variations that sometimes occur include inversions (temperature increase with height within some limited layer). Most of the atmospheric turbulence and weather features occur in this layer, which contains almost all the atmospheric water vapour and most of the aerosols in suspension in the atmosphere (although there is also an important aerosol layer at about 22 km). See also atmospheric structure. Geography The lower layer of the atmosphere, extending to 16 km above ground level at the equator, 11 km at 50 °N and S, and 9 km at the poles. Most clouds and precipitation, and, indeed, weather events, occur within this layer. Increasingly, it is understood that air movements in the upper troposphere greatly influence weather systems in the lower troposphere. See also jet stream; rossby waves. Within the troposphere, temperatures of rising air fall, at varying lapse rates, because the air expands and, therefore, cools. Sinking parcels of air experience a corresponding heating. Most of the water vapour in the troposphere is concentrated in the lower, warmer zone; there is little where the temperature falls below about –40 °C because moist air, rising through convection or turbulence, condenses out as ice crystals form.
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