“birth rate”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

birth rate

Statistics

The number of births occurring in a stated population during the stated period of time, usually a year, as a proportion of the number in the stated population. A total or crude birth rate utilizes all births, usually expressed as births per 1000, whereas an age-specific rate is usually reported on the basis of the number of births per 1 000 persons in this age group. The birth rate may be standardized when comparing birth rates over time, or between countries, to take account of differences in the age structures of the populations.

Biology

The rate at which a particular species or population produces offspring. The birth rate of a species is used to measure its fecundity (reproductive capability). It is also an important factor in controlling the size of a population. Compare death rate; reproduction rate.

Geography

The crude birth rate is the number of live births per year, per 1 000 population. This does not take the age structure of a population into account, and hence the numbers of women who are capable of giving birth in any year, making accurate comparisons difficult. Because of this, many demographers prefer to use a standardized birth rate which indicates what the crude birth rate would have been for a population if the age and sex composition of that population were the same as in a population selected as standard, allowing comparisons to be made between geographical areas, or across social groups within a society (see Fargues (1997) Pop. & Dev. Rev. 23, 1 for a demonstration of standardization).

单词	birth rate
释义	birth rate Statistics The number of births occurring in a stated population during the stated period of time, usually a year, as a proportion of the number in the stated population. A total or crude birth rate utilizes all births, usually expressed as births per 1000, whereas an age-specific rate is usually reported on the basis of the number of births per 1 000 persons in this age group. The birth rate may be standardized when comparing birth rates over time, or between countries, to take account of differences in the age structures of the populations. Biology The rate at which a particular species or population produces offspring. The birth rate of a species is used to measure its fecundity (reproductive capability). It is also an important factor in controlling the size of a population. Compare death rate; reproduction rate. Geography The crude birth rate is the number of live births per year, per 1 000 population. This does not take the age structure of a population into account, and hence the numbers of women who are capable of giving birth in any year, making accurate comparisons difficult. Because of this, many demographers prefer to use a standardized birth rate which indicates what the crude birth rate would have been for a population if the age and sex composition of that population were the same as in a population selected as standard, allowing comparisons to be made between geographical areas, or across social groups within a society (see Fargues (1997) Pop. & Dev. Rev. 23, 1 for a demonstration of standardization).
随便看	SALT salt saltation salt bridge salt cake salt dome salt-dome trap salt fingering salt flat salt gland salting salting in salting out salt lake Salt March (12 March–6 April 1930) salt marsh salton salt pan saltpetre salt water intrusion salt water weathering salt weathering salt wedge salva veritate Salyut