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单词 biogeography
释义
biogeography

Biology
  • The branch of biology that deals with the geographical distribution of plants and animals. See plant geography; zoogeography.


Geology and Earth Sciences
  • The scientific study of the past and present geographical distribution of plants and animals at different taxonomic levels. Modern biogeography also lays great stress on the ecological character of the world vegetation types, and on the evolving relationship between humans and their environment. See also palaeobiogeography.


Geography
  • The spatial analysis, and the search for patterns, in any biological feature: demographic, ecological, genetic, morphological, or physiological; see B. Cox and P. Moore (1999). ‘Biogeography transcends classical subject areas…ecological biogeography is concerned with ecological processes occurring over short temporal and short spatial scales, whereas… historical biogeography is concerned with evolutionary processes over millions of years on a large, sometimes global, scale’ (Crisci (2001) J. Biogeog. 28, 2). Comparative biogeography uses the naturally hierarchical phylogenetic relationships of clades to discover the biotic area relationships among local and global biogeographic regions; systematic biogeography is concerned with the classification of biotic areas based on the naturally hierarchical phylogenetic relationships of clades; and evolutionary biogeography seeks to understand evolutionary mechanisms responsible for the distribution of its organisms. Molecular biogeography is ‘that set of approaches that uses genetic data to address the biogeographic structure of lineages and biotas and the evolutionary and Earth history processes that have shaped current population genetic, phylogenetic, and distributional patterns’ (Mantooth and Riddle (2011) Geog. Compass).


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