An alternative name for the Late Jurassic epoch, preceded by the Middle Jurassic, followed by the Berriasian (Cretaceous), and dated at 161.2–145.5 Ma ago (Int. Commission on Stratigraphy, 2004). It comprises the Oxfordian, Kimmeridgian, and Tithonian (see also volgian) ages. It is roughly contemporaneous with the upper Kawhia and Oteke (New Zealand).