“Linde process”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Linde process

Physics

A process for the liquefaction of gases by the Joule–Thomson effect. In this process, devised by Carl von Linde (1842–1934) in the late 19th century for liquefying air, the air is freed of carbon dioxide and water and compressed to 150 atmospheres. The compressed gas is passed through a copper coil to an expansion nozzle within a Dewar flask. The emerging air is cooled by the Joule–Thomson effect as it expands and then passes back within a second copper coil that surrounds the first coil. Thus the expanded gas cools the incoming gas in a process that is said to be regenerative. Eventually the air is reduced to its critical temperature and, at the pressure of 150 atmospheres (well above its critical pressure), liquefies. The process is also used for other gases, especially hydrogen and helium. Hydrogen has first to be cooled below its inversion temperature (see Joule–Thomson effect) using liquid air; helium has first to be cooled below its inversion temperature using liquid hydrogen.

Chemical Engineering

1. An early process used for the liquefaction of air. It involves first purifying the air by passage over soda lime to remove carbon dioxide, and then drying it. It is then pressurized to around 200 atmospheres, and cooled back to ambient temperature and passed through closely spiralled thin copper tubing surrounded by thicker copper tubing. The air is allowed to expand to about 20 atmospheres and cooled by the Joule–Thomson effect. The cooled air passes through the annulus between the two tubes thereby cooling further incoming compressed air. The process was developed by German engineer Carl von Linde (1842–1934) and later improved by George Claude (1870–1960) who made the expansion of the gas doing useful work in an expansion engine.

2. A process used for the removal of hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans from petroleum fractions by reaction with oxygen in the presence of a metal amino acid chelate in an aqueous solution containing an amine.

单词	Linde process
释义	Linde process Physics A process for the liquefaction of gases by the Joule–Thomson effect. In this process, devised by Carl von Linde (1842–1934) in the late 19th century for liquefying air, the air is freed of carbon dioxide and water and compressed to 150 atmospheres. The compressed gas is passed through a copper coil to an expansion nozzle within a Dewar flask. The emerging air is cooled by the Joule–Thomson effect as it expands and then passes back within a second copper coil that surrounds the first coil. Thus the expanded gas cools the incoming gas in a process that is said to be regenerative. Eventually the air is reduced to its critical temperature and, at the pressure of 150 atmospheres (well above its critical pressure), liquefies. The process is also used for other gases, especially hydrogen and helium. Hydrogen has first to be cooled below its inversion temperature (see Joule–Thomson effect) using liquid air; helium has first to be cooled below its inversion temperature using liquid hydrogen. Chemical Engineering 1. An early process used for the liquefaction of air. It involves first purifying the air by passage over soda lime to remove carbon dioxide, and then drying it. It is then pressurized to around 200 atmospheres, and cooled back to ambient temperature and passed through closely spiralled thin copper tubing surrounded by thicker copper tubing. The air is allowed to expand to about 20 atmospheres and cooled by the Joule–Thomson effect. The cooled air passes through the annulus between the two tubes thereby cooling further incoming compressed air. The process was developed by German engineer Carl von Linde (1842–1934) and later improved by George Claude (1870–1960) who made the expansion of the gas doing useful work in an expansion engine. 2. A process used for the removal of hydrogen sulphide and mercaptans from petroleum fractions by reaction with oxygen in the presence of a metal amino acid chelate in an aqueous solution containing an amine.
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