A British political movement of young Tory aristocrats in the early 1840s. It aimed at ending the political dominance of the middle classes by an alliance between the aristocracy and the working classes, which would carry out all necessary social reforms. The romantic ideas of its members were given some substance by Benjamin Disraeli, who defined its principles in his novel Coningsby (1844). The movement broke up in 1845 over the issue of free trade and the disputed grant to Maynooth College, the principal institution in Ireland for training Roman Catholic clergy.