“anthropic principle”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

anthropic principle

Physics

The principle that the observable universe has to be as it is, rather than any other way, otherwise we would not be able to observe it. There are many versions of the anthropic principle. The weak anthropic principle is specifically concerned with the conditions necessary for conscious life on earth and asserts that numerical relations found for fundamental constants, such as the gravitational constant, have to hold at the present epoch because at any other epoch there would be no intelligent lifeform to measure the constants. The strong anthropic principle is concerned with all possible universes and whether intelligent life could exist in any other universe, including the possibility of different fundamental constants and laws of physics. The anthropic principle is viewed with considerable scepticism by many physicists. See also multiverse.

Astronomy

The proposition that the presence of human life is connected with the properties of the Universe. There are various forms of the anthropic principle. The least controversial is the weak anthropic principle, according to which human life occupies a special place in the Universe because it can evolve only where and when the conditions are suitable for it. A more speculative version, the strong anthropic principle, asserts that the laws of physics must have those properties that allow life to evolve. In recent years, the weak anthropic principle has been used to explain many properties of the Universe, such as the values of the fundamental constants and the number of dimensions of space, on the grounds that if they did not have these values human life would never have evolved. However, the validity of arguments of this kind is very uncertain unless, as some speculative theories suggest, there are actually many universes, each having different values for the fundamental constants and possibly different numbers of dimensions (see Multiverse). If that is true, some of these universes would contain no life at all, some would contain very different life from ours, and our Universe would obviously contain our kind of life.

Philosophy

A controversial principle that allows explanation of some feature of the observed universe, by pointing out that did it not obtain we would not be here to be remarking on it. For example, if we ask why the universe began some fourteen thousand million years ago, the anthropic principle allows the answer that this is about the amount of time it takes for the physical and then chemical and biological complexity to develop, that ends up with persons capable of appreciating the age and asking the question (compare: why do I always see roads when I go driving?). The strong anthropic principle postulates many different universes with different structures, fundamental constants, and histories. But only ones like ours allow for us, so the answer to the question of why we find various features is, again, that we are only here because of them. To sceptics, the strong principle offends against Ockham’s razor in its proliferation of universes, and it serves to shut off proper requests for more substantive explanations.
http://www.anthropic-principle.com/ A list of internet resources on the anthropic principle, including a bibliography

单词	anthropic principle
释义	anthropic principle Physics The principle that the observable universe has to be as it is, rather than any other way, otherwise we would not be able to observe it. There are many versions of the anthropic principle. The weak anthropic principle is specifically concerned with the conditions necessary for conscious life on earth and asserts that numerical relations found for fundamental constants, such as the gravitational constant, have to hold at the present epoch because at any other epoch there would be no intelligent lifeform to measure the constants. The strong anthropic principle is concerned with all possible universes and whether intelligent life could exist in any other universe, including the possibility of different fundamental constants and laws of physics. The anthropic principle is viewed with considerable scepticism by many physicists. See also multiverse. Astronomy The proposition that the presence of human life is connected with the properties of the Universe. There are various forms of the anthropic principle. The least controversial is the weak anthropic principle, according to which human life occupies a special place in the Universe because it can evolve only where and when the conditions are suitable for it. A more speculative version, the strong anthropic principle, asserts that the laws of physics must have those properties that allow life to evolve. In recent years, the weak anthropic principle has been used to explain many properties of the Universe, such as the values of the fundamental constants and the number of dimensions of space, on the grounds that if they did not have these values human life would never have evolved. However, the validity of arguments of this kind is very uncertain unless, as some speculative theories suggest, there are actually many universes, each having different values for the fundamental constants and possibly different numbers of dimensions (see Multiverse). If that is true, some of these universes would contain no life at all, some would contain very different life from ours, and our Universe would obviously contain our kind of life. Philosophy A controversial principle that allows explanation of some feature of the observed universe, by pointing out that did it not obtain we would not be here to be remarking on it. For example, if we ask why the universe began some fourteen thousand million years ago, the anthropic principle allows the answer that this is about the amount of time it takes for the physical and then chemical and biological complexity to develop, that ends up with persons capable of appreciating the age and asking the question (compare: why do I always see roads when I go driving?). The strong anthropic principle postulates many different universes with different structures, fundamental constants, and histories. But only ones like ours allow for us, so the answer to the question of why we find various features is, again, that we are only here because of them. To sceptics, the strong principle offends against Ockham’s razor in its proliferation of universes, and it serves to shut off proper requests for more substantive explanations. http://www.anthropic-principle.com/ A list of internet resources on the anthropic principle, including a bibliography
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