In the philosophy of Immanuel Kant (1724–1804), describes an inference or judgement in which the conclusion ‘adds something’ to the premise. This ‘addition’ of content distinguishes ampliative (or synthetic) judgements from analytic judgements insofar as analytic judgements proceed from an analysis of the concepts involved in the antecedent. Kant’s example:

• • All bodies are heavy.

(i.e., ‘if $x$ is a body then $x$ is heavy’) is taken to be ampliative as heaviness and weight are not concepts employed in the definition of ‘body’. On the other hand,

• • All bodies are extended in space.

is described as analytic, as extension in space is an aspect of the definition of ‘body’. In modern formal logic, some philosophical accounts of deduction have described classical tautologies such as $p\to \left(q\vee \neg q\right)$ (where $\neg$, $\to$, and $\vee$ correspond to negation, implication, and disjunction) as ampliative, as $q\vee \neg q$ may be irrelevant to the subject-matter of $p$.