“Surveyor”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Surveyor

Astronomy

A series of NASA probes which soft-landed on the Moon, acting as pathfinders for the Apollo manned landings. All the probes carried TV cameras; in addition, Surveyors 3 and 7 had mechanical scoops to test the strength of the soil, and Surveyors 5, 6, and 7 carried equipment to analyse the surface composition.

Successful Surveyor Probesa^a

Probe	Launch date	Results
Surveyor 1	1966 May 30	Landed June 2 in Oceanus Procellarum
Surveyor 3	1967 April 17	Landed April 20 in Oceanus Procellarum
Surveyor 5	1967 September 8	Landed September 11 in Mare Tranquillitatis
Surveyor 6	1967 November 7	Landed November 10 in Sinus Medii
Surveyor 7	1968 January 7	Landed January 10 near crater Tycho

^a Surveyor 2 crash-landed; radio contact with Surveyor 4 was lost shortly before it landed.

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/galleries/surveyor-3-on-the-moon

https://solarsystem.nasa.gov/galleries/man-and-machine

Space Exploration

A series of seven US crewless Moon landers launched 1966–68 that paved the way for the Apollo project. Each craft was equipped with television cameras and a scoop for examining lunar soil. Surveyor 1 landed in the Ocean of Storms in June 1966, becoming the first US spacecraft to make a soft landing on the Moon. With the exceptions of Surveyor 2 and Surveyor 4, all the landings were successful. Surveyor 3, which landed in the Ocean of Storms in April 1967, was visited by the crew of Apollo 12 in November 1969.

Geology and Earth Sciences

A series of seven NASA lunar lander missions that ran from 1966 to 1968. Surveyors 1, 3, 5, 6, and 7 landed on the Moon; Surveyor 2 crashed on the Moon and radio contact with Surveyor 4 was lost.
http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/lunar/surveyor.html A NASA programme to land a series of probes on the Moon.