founder of the dynasty of Karageorgević. The son of a peasant, in 1804 he became leader of a Serbian revolt against the Turkish army and played a major role in forcing the Turks out of Serbia. Four years later he was proclaimed leader of Serbia but his ruthless and autocratic rule led to unrest. In 1813 his army was defeated by the Turks and he fled. He returned in 1817 only to be murdered, probably by his rival Milos Obrenović. His son, Alexander, ruled Serbia as prince from 1843 to 1858, but was displaced by an Obrenović. Alexander’s son, Peter, became King of Serbia in 1903; his grandson became Alexander I of Yugoslavia.