“irradiation”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

irradiation

Physics

Exposure to any form of radiation, often exposure to ionizing radiation is implied.

Astronomy

1. An optical contrast effect that makes a bright object appear larger than it really is when viewed against a darker background.

2. Exposure to any form of electromagnetic radiation or atomic particles.

Science and Technology

The exposure of a body to ionizing radiation, which is electromagnetic radiation at the wavelengths of gamma radiation, X-rays, and short-wave ultraviolet radiation, as well as atoms, ions, and subatomic particles travelling at speeds greater than 1 per cent of the speed of light. Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei comprising two protons and two neutrons; a sheet of paper will block it. Beta radiation consists of electrons or positrons; a plate of aluminium will block it. Such radiation possesses sufficient energy to strip electrons from atoms, thus ionizing them.
Mike Allaby

Chemical Engineering

A low-energy form of sterilization of certain foods using ionizing radiation. Gamma rays from cobalt-60, X-rays, and electron beams are used to kill harmful moulds, bacteria, parasites, and insects. The use of irradiation also delays the ripening and the sprouting of onions and potatoes. Its use in the US was approved in 2000. In the UK, the Food Irradiation (England) Regulations 2009 lists the seven categories of food that may be irradiated (fruit, vegetables, cereals, bulbs and tubers, dried herbs, fish and shellfish, and (p. 201) poultry). For each the ‘maximum overall average dose’ that can be used is specified in units of kilograys (kGy).

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

The exposure of a body or substance to electromagnetic or corpuscular ionizing radiation.

Biology

Exposure to any form of radiation; often exposure to ionizing radiation is implied. See also food preservation.

单词	irradiation
释义	irradiation Physics Exposure to any form of radiation, often exposure to ionizing radiation is implied. Astronomy 1. An optical contrast effect that makes a bright object appear larger than it really is when viewed against a darker background. 2. Exposure to any form of electromagnetic radiation or atomic particles. Science and Technology The exposure of a body to ionizing radiation, which is electromagnetic radiation at the wavelengths of gamma radiation, X-rays, and short-wave ultraviolet radiation, as well as atoms, ions, and subatomic particles travelling at speeds greater than 1 per cent of the speed of light. Alpha radiation consists of helium nuclei comprising two protons and two neutrons; a sheet of paper will block it. Beta radiation consists of electrons or positrons; a plate of aluminium will block it. Such radiation possesses sufficient energy to strip electrons from atoms, thus ionizing them. Mike Allaby Chemical Engineering A low-energy form of sterilization of certain foods using ionizing radiation. Gamma rays from cobalt-60, X-rays, and electron beams are used to kill harmful moulds, bacteria, parasites, and insects. The use of irradiation also delays the ripening and the sprouting of onions and potatoes. Its use in the US was approved in 2000. In the UK, the Food Irradiation (England) Regulations 2009 lists the seven categories of food that may be irradiated (fruit, vegetables, cereals, bulbs and tubers, dried herbs, fish and shellfish, and (p. 201) poultry). For each the ‘maximum overall average dose’ that can be used is specified in units of kilograys (kGy). Electronics and Electrical Engineering The exposure of a body or substance to electromagnetic or corpuscular ionizing radiation. Biology Exposure to any form of radiation; often exposure to ionizing radiation is implied. See also food preservation.
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