“intensity”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

intensity

Physics

1. The rate at which radiant energy is transferred per unit area. See radiant intensity.

2. The rate at which sound energy is transferred as measured relative to some reference value. See decibel.

3. Magnetic intensity. See magnetic field.

4. Electric intensity. See electric field.

5. See luminous intensity.

Astronomy

A measure of the radiant power passing through unit area into unit solid angle in unit interval of frequency or wavelength. Intensity is also equal to the flux density received from unit solid angle of an extended source (sometimes known as surface brightness). It is a characteristic of the source and does not depend on distance. For a given observing frequency, intensity is proportional to the brightness temperature. The units are W/m² per Hz per steradian, or Jy/sr. In infrared astronomy, the unit W/m² per μ‎m per steradian is often used.

Chemistry

1. (in atomic spectra) The strength or brightness of a spectral line. This depends on the probability of a transition between the two energy levels responsible for the line, the populations of the energy levels, and the number of atoms being observed. Similar considerations apply to the intensities of molecular spectroscopy.
2. (in X-ray diffraction) The strength of a spot in a diffraction pattern. This depends on various factors, such as the diffraction angle and the temperature.

Computer

A nontechnical synonym for both luminance and brightness. Luminance is the measured light intensity reflected or emitted by a surface in a given direction per unit of apparent area. Brightness is a psycho-physiological attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to emit or reflect more or less light.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

1. Short for magnetic intensity or electric intensity (both obsolete terms). See magnetic field strength; electric field strength.
2. The rate of flow of sound energy through unit area perpendicular to the direction of flow.
3. The rate of flow of light or other radiant energy emitted or reflected by a surface in a given direction per unit area.

Geology and Earth Sciences

See earthquake magnitude; japanese meteorological agency seismic intensity scale; mercalli scale; moment magnitude scale; richter scale.
In remote sensing, the energy reflected or emitted by a surface.

Geography

The size of an earthquake, based on the impact on people, buildings, and the ground surface. Isoseismal lines represent equal earthquake intensity. The Modified Mercalli intensity scale is the world standard; the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Kárnik (MSK) is popular in Europe. Although differing in detail, the MM and MSK scales are much alike. As they are descriptive, and based on recorded damage, intensity values can be calculated and isoseismal lines drawn for present day and historic earthquakes (Chester (2001) PPG 25, 3).

单词	intensity
释义	intensity Physics 1. The rate at which radiant energy is transferred per unit area. See radiant intensity. 2. The rate at which sound energy is transferred as measured relative to some reference value. See decibel. 3. Magnetic intensity. See magnetic field. 4. Electric intensity. See electric field. 5. See luminous intensity. Astronomy A measure of the radiant power passing through unit area into unit solid angle in unit interval of frequency or wavelength. Intensity is also equal to the flux density received from unit solid angle of an extended source (sometimes known as surface brightness). It is a characteristic of the source and does not depend on distance. For a given observing frequency, intensity is proportional to the brightness temperature. The units are W/m² per Hz per steradian, or Jy/sr. In infrared astronomy, the unit W/m² per μ‎m per steradian is often used. Chemistry 1. (in atomic spectra) The strength or brightness of a spectral line. This depends on the probability of a transition between the two energy levels responsible for the line, the populations of the energy levels, and the number of atoms being observed. Similar considerations apply to the intensities of molecular spectroscopy. 2. (in X-ray diffraction) The strength of a spot in a diffraction pattern. This depends on various factors, such as the diffraction angle and the temperature. Computer A nontechnical synonym for both luminance and brightness. Luminance is the measured light intensity reflected or emitted by a surface in a given direction per unit of apparent area. Brightness is a psycho-physiological attribute of visual perception in which a source appears to emit or reflect more or less light. Electronics and Electrical Engineering 1. Short for magnetic intensity or electric intensity (both obsolete terms). See magnetic field strength; electric field strength. 2. The rate of flow of sound energy through unit area perpendicular to the direction of flow. 3. The rate of flow of light or other radiant energy emitted or reflected by a surface in a given direction per unit area. Geology and Earth Sciences See earthquake magnitude; japanese meteorological agency seismic intensity scale; mercalli scale; moment magnitude scale; richter scale. In remote sensing, the energy reflected or emitted by a surface. Geography The size of an earthquake, based on the impact on people, buildings, and the ground surface. Isoseismal lines represent equal earthquake intensity. The Modified Mercalli intensity scale is the world standard; the Medvedev–Sponheuer–Kárnik (MSK) is popular in Europe. Although differing in detail, the MM and MSK scales are much alike. As they are descriptive, and based on recorded damage, intensity values can be calculated and isoseismal lines drawn for present day and historic earthquakes (Chester (2001) PPG 25, 3).
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