“instability”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

instability

Geology and Earth Sciences

Atmospheric condition in which displaced air continues to rise once it has begun to do so. This occurs when rising air cools at an adiabatic lapse rate that is less than the environmental lapse rate, so a rising air parcel remains warmer than the surrounding air at every height, thus retaining positive buoyancy. See also conditional instability; potential instability; stability.

Geography

1 The condition of a slope just before the initiation of mass movement. See (2008) Geomorph. 94, 3–4, special issue.
2 The condition of a parcel of air which has positive buoyancy, and thus a tendency to rise through the atmosphere. It is the temperature of the parcel relative to the ambient air which is critical, since this affects densities. A parcel remains unstable if it cools more slowly than the surrounding, stationary air.
Absolute instability occurs when an air parcel, displaced vertically, is hastened in the direction of the displacement; such a move will end when the temperature of the parcel is at one with its surroundings. The potential instability of a parcel of air can be calculated using a tephigram. Conditional instability occurs when a parcel of air would become unstable if lifted by some other force, such as a mountain, the moistening of lower-level air, or when a lower, stable parcel of air is overlain by an unstable layer. Convective instability is a tendency of an air parcel towards instability when it has been lifted bodily until completely saturated, which often occurs via the inevitable stirrings in the atmosphere. The atmosphere is said to be unstable when the fall of temperature with height of the environmental air is more rapid than that experienced by a rising air parcel, so that the parcel continues to be less dense than the ambient air. See E. Fedorovich et al. (2004).

单词	instability
释义	instability Geology and Earth Sciences Atmospheric condition in which displaced air continues to rise once it has begun to do so. This occurs when rising air cools at an adiabatic lapse rate that is less than the environmental lapse rate, so a rising air parcel remains warmer than the surrounding air at every height, thus retaining positive buoyancy. See also conditional instability; potential instability; stability. Geography 1 The condition of a slope just before the initiation of mass movement. See (2008) Geomorph. 94, 3–4, special issue. 2 The condition of a parcel of air which has positive buoyancy, and thus a tendency to rise through the atmosphere. It is the temperature of the parcel relative to the ambient air which is critical, since this affects densities. A parcel remains unstable if it cools more slowly than the surrounding, stationary air. Absolute instability occurs when an air parcel, displaced vertically, is hastened in the direction of the displacement; such a move will end when the temperature of the parcel is at one with its surroundings. The potential instability of a parcel of air can be calculated using a tephigram. Conditional instability occurs when a parcel of air would become unstable if lifted by some other force, such as a mountain, the moistening of lower-level air, or when a lower, stable parcel of air is overlain by an unstable layer. Convective instability is a tendency of an air parcel towards instability when it has been lifted bodily until completely saturated, which often occurs via the inevitable stirrings in the atmosphere. The atmosphere is said to be unstable when the fall of temperature with height of the environmental air is more rapid than that experienced by a rising air parcel, so that the parcel continues to be less dense than the ambient air. See E. Fedorovich et al. (2004).
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