“information theory”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

information theory

Physics

The branch of mathematics that analyses information mathematically. Several branches of physics have been related to information theory. For example, an increase in entropy has been expressed as a decrease in information. It has been suggested that it may be possible to express the basic laws of physics using information theory. The combination of quantum mechanics with information theory gives rise to quantum information theory, which is fundamental to quantum computing and quantum cryptography. See also Landauer’s principle; Zeilinger’s principle.

Mathematics

The area of mathematics concerned with the transmission and processing of information, especially concerned with methods of coding, decoding, storage, and retrieval and evaluating likelihoods of degree of accuracy in the process. See Entropy, Shannon’s Theorem.

Chemistry

The mathematical theory of information. There are several uses and potential uses of information theory in physical science. For example, an increase in entropy can be expressed as a decrease in information. Information theory systematizes the description of molecular recognition, leading to the slogan that molecular biology is the combination of conformation and information. See also quantum information theory.

Computer

The study of information by mathematical methods. Informally, information can be considered as the extent to which a message conveys what was previously unknown, and so is new or surprising. Mathematically, the rate at which information is conveyed from a source is identified with the entropy of the source (per second or per symbol). Although information theory is sometimes restricted to the entropy formulation of sources and channels, it may include coding theory, in which case the term is used synonymously with communication theory.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

An analytical technique that determines the optimum amount of information required (i.e. the necessary and sufficient amount) to transmit a message or solve a specific problem in communication, control, or computer systems. The information content of a message is the minimum amount of information required to transmit the message with a desired accuracy, in the absence of noise. Information retrieval is the means of extracting specific information from stored or transmitted data.

Philosophy

The theory of measurement of information in which the information content of an event is measured by its statistical improbability.

单词	information theory
释义	information theory Physics The branch of mathematics that analyses information mathematically. Several branches of physics have been related to information theory. For example, an increase in entropy has been expressed as a decrease in information. It has been suggested that it may be possible to express the basic laws of physics using information theory. The combination of quantum mechanics with information theory gives rise to quantum information theory, which is fundamental to quantum computing and quantum cryptography. See also Landauer’s principle; Zeilinger’s principle. Mathematics The area of mathematics concerned with the transmission and processing of information, especially concerned with methods of coding, decoding, storage, and retrieval and evaluating likelihoods of degree of accuracy in the process. See Entropy, Shannon’s Theorem. Chemistry The mathematical theory of information. There are several uses and potential uses of information theory in physical science. For example, an increase in entropy can be expressed as a decrease in information. Information theory systematizes the description of molecular recognition, leading to the slogan that molecular biology is the combination of conformation and information. See also quantum information theory. Computer The study of information by mathematical methods. Informally, information can be considered as the extent to which a message conveys what was previously unknown, and so is new or surprising. Mathematically, the rate at which information is conveyed from a source is identified with the entropy of the source (per second or per symbol). Although information theory is sometimes restricted to the entropy formulation of sources and channels, it may include coding theory, in which case the term is used synonymously with communication theory. Electronics and Electrical Engineering An analytical technique that determines the optimum amount of information required (i.e. the necessary and sufficient amount) to transmit a message or solve a specific problem in communication, control, or computer systems. The information content of a message is the minimum amount of information required to transmit the message with a desired accuracy, in the absence of noise. Information retrieval is the means of extracting specific information from stored or transmitted data. Philosophy The theory of measurement of information in which the information content of an event is measured by its statistical improbability.
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