“solution”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

solution

Physics

A homogeneous mixture of a liquid (the solvent) with a gas or solid (the solute). In a solution, the molecules of the solute are discrete and mixed with the molecules of solvent. There is usually some interaction between the solvent and solute molecules. Two liquids that can mix on the molecular level are said to be miscible. In this case, the solvent is the major component and the solute the minor component. See also solid solution.

Mathematics

A solution of a set of equations is an element that satisfies the equations. For a set of equations in n unknowns, a solution may be considered to be an n-tuple or a column vector.

See also consistent, inequality.

Chemistry

A homogeneous mixture of a liquid (the solvent) with a gas or solid (the solute). In a solution, the molecules of the solute are discrete and mixed with the molecules of solvent. There is usually some interaction between the solvent and solute molecules (see solvation). Two liquids that can mix on the molecular level are said to be miscible. In this case, the solvent is the major component and the solute the minor component. See also solid solution.

Chemical Engineering

1. A homogenous mixture of a solute dissolved in a liquid. A solute can be a solid, liquid, or a gas. A solvent is the liquid that dissolves another substance. An aqueous solution is formed when water is the solvent. The solution is saturated when no more solute will dissolve at a particular temperature. Miscible liquids are liquids that dissolve completely in another liquid such as water and methanol. Conversely, an immiscible liquid is a liquid that does not dissolve completely in another liquid but forms a layer, such as oil on water. The separation of the components of a solution can be achieved by evaporation, crystallization, and distillation.

2. A value that satisfies an algebraic equation.

Internet

A word appended onto a computer term as a marketing ploy. It implies that a product can solve certain commercial problems: for example, ‘ecommerce solution’.

Biology

A homogeneous mixture of a liquid (the solvent) with a gas or solid (the solute). In a solution, the molecules of the solute are discrete and mixed with the molecules of solvent. There is usually some interaction between the solvent and solute molecules. For example, when sodium chloride dissolves in water the sodium ions attract polar water molecules, with the negative oxygen ion pointing towards the positive Na⁺ ion. This is called hydration.

Geology and Earth Sciences

1. A physically homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which solid, liquid, or gaseous phases may combine in one of those phases. A constituent of a solution can be separated out by changing its phase, e.g. boiling, condensing, or freezing. Where a solution is formed by dissolving a quantity of one substance in a larger quantity of another, the smaller quantity is called the ‘solute’, the larger quantity, the ‘solvent’. Compare colloid.
2. A weathering process by which weakly bonded ionic components of minerals are detached through the attraction of water molecules (which carry a positive electrical charge at one end and a negative charge at the other, although they are neutral overall), and then carried away from the weathering environment. Halites and the sulphates and carbonates of magnesium and calcium are especially vulnerable. Solution is usually the first stage of chemical weathering.

Geography

In geomorphology, the picking up and dissolving of particles by a fluid, usually water or carbonic acid.
See also carbonation; aggressivity.

单词	solution
释义	solution Physics A homogeneous mixture of a liquid (the solvent) with a gas or solid (the solute). In a solution, the molecules of the solute are discrete and mixed with the molecules of solvent. There is usually some interaction between the solvent and solute molecules. Two liquids that can mix on the molecular level are said to be miscible. In this case, the solvent is the major component and the solute the minor component. See also solid solution. Mathematics A solution of a set of equations is an element that satisfies the equations. For a set of equations in n unknowns, a solution may be considered to be an n-tuple or a column vector. See also consistent, inequality. Chemistry A homogeneous mixture of a liquid (the solvent) with a gas or solid (the solute). In a solution, the molecules of the solute are discrete and mixed with the molecules of solvent. There is usually some interaction between the solvent and solute molecules (see solvation). Two liquids that can mix on the molecular level are said to be miscible. In this case, the solvent is the major component and the solute the minor component. See also solid solution. Chemical Engineering 1. A homogenous mixture of a solute dissolved in a liquid. A solute can be a solid, liquid, or a gas. A solvent is the liquid that dissolves another substance. An aqueous solution is formed when water is the solvent. The solution is saturated when no more solute will dissolve at a particular temperature. Miscible liquids are liquids that dissolve completely in another liquid such as water and methanol. Conversely, an immiscible liquid is a liquid that does not dissolve completely in another liquid but forms a layer, such as oil on water. The separation of the components of a solution can be achieved by evaporation, crystallization, and distillation. 2. A value that satisfies an algebraic equation. Internet A word appended onto a computer term as a marketing ploy. It implies that a product can solve certain commercial problems: for example, ‘ecommerce solution’. Biology A homogeneous mixture of a liquid (the solvent) with a gas or solid (the solute). In a solution, the molecules of the solute are discrete and mixed with the molecules of solvent. There is usually some interaction between the solvent and solute molecules. For example, when sodium chloride dissolves in water the sodium ions attract polar water molecules, with the negative oxygen ion pointing towards the positive Na⁺ ion. This is called hydration. Geology and Earth Sciences 1. A physically homogeneous mixture of two or more substances in which solid, liquid, or gaseous phases may combine in one of those phases. A constituent of a solution can be separated out by changing its phase, e.g. boiling, condensing, or freezing. Where a solution is formed by dissolving a quantity of one substance in a larger quantity of another, the smaller quantity is called the ‘solute’, the larger quantity, the ‘solvent’. Compare colloid. 2. A weathering process by which weakly bonded ionic components of minerals are detached through the attraction of water molecules (which carry a positive electrical charge at one end and a negative charge at the other, although they are neutral overall), and then carried away from the weathering environment. Halites and the sulphates and carbonates of magnesium and calcium are especially vulnerable. Solution is usually the first stage of chemical weathering. Geography In geomorphology, the picking up and dissolving of particles by a fluid, usually water or carbonic acid. See also carbonation; aggressivity.
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