The reaction at the beginning of the 20th century against the dominant idealist and Hegelian metaphysics. In England the reaction is associated especially with Russell and Moore. In America philosophers defining themselves as new realists included F. J. Woodbridge (1867–1940) and R. B. Perry (1876–1957). The view tended to dismiss any special status of mind, and to lead towards behaviourism. See also critical realism.