“identity”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

identity

Physics

Symbol ≡. A statement of equality that applies for all values of the unknown quantity. For example, 5y ≡ 2y+3y.

Mathematics

As opposed to an equation, an identity holds true for a range of values, such as x²−y² = (x + y)(x−y) for real x and y. Sometimes the symbol ≡ is used instead of = to indicate that a statement is an identity.
An element e is an identity element (or neutral element) for a binary operation ∘ on a set S if, for all a in S, a ∘ e = e ∘ a = a. In a group, the identity element is commonly denoted e. In a ring, the additive identity is denoted 0 and referred to as ‘zero’ and the multiplicative identity (if it exists) is denoted 1 and referred to as ‘one’. Even though the numerical symbols ‘0’ and ‘1’ are used, 0 may denote a zero function or 1 might represent the identity matrix, for example.

Geography

The individuality of a being or entity. National identity may be based on myths; ‘like cultural identities, diasporic national identities are actively constructed’ (Mavroudi (2007) Glob. Networks 7, 4), but Nairn (2003) New Left Rev. 23 observes that ‘for growing masses of people…issues of identity are not metaphorical but [are] treasured, if deplorable, bits of cheap plastic: everyday life and death’. Identity may emerge from the production and reproduction of space; see Saarinen (2004) Tourist Studs 4 on tourist destinations and their identity, and try M. Tewdwr-Jones and P. Allmendinger (2006). Dittmer and Larsen (2007) Soc. & Cult. Geog. 8, 5 write that national identity is constructed by the interpellation of subjects from competing discourses that all emphasize different aspects of the lived experience of the inhabitants. The use of the term ‘interpellate’ is questionable.
In physical geography, identity is established using ‘methods of ontology based on meaningful collections of attributes’ (Raper and Livingstone (2001) TIBG 26).

Philosophy

All of us agree with Joseph Butler that everything is what it is and not another thing. The difficulty is to know when we have one thing and not two. A rule for telling this is a principle of individuation, or a criterion of identity for things of the kind in question. In logic, identity may be introduced as a primitive relational expression, or defined via the identity of indiscernibles. See also personal identity.

单词	identity
释义	identity Physics Symbol ≡. A statement of equality that applies for all values of the unknown quantity. For example, 5y ≡ 2y+3y. Mathematics As opposed to an equation, an identity holds true for a range of values, such as x²−y² = (x + y)(x−y) for real x and y. Sometimes the symbol ≡ is used instead of = to indicate that a statement is an identity. An element e is an identity element (or neutral element) for a binary operation ∘ on a set S if, for all a in S, a ∘ e = e ∘ a = a. In a group, the identity element is commonly denoted e. In a ring, the additive identity is denoted 0 and referred to as ‘zero’ and the multiplicative identity (if it exists) is denoted 1 and referred to as ‘one’. Even though the numerical symbols ‘0’ and ‘1’ are used, 0 may denote a zero function or 1 might represent the identity matrix, for example. Geography The individuality of a being or entity. National identity may be based on myths; ‘like cultural identities, diasporic national identities are actively constructed’ (Mavroudi (2007) Glob. Networks 7, 4), but Nairn (2003) New Left Rev. 23 observes that ‘for growing masses of people…issues of identity are not metaphorical but [are] treasured, if deplorable, bits of cheap plastic: everyday life and death’. Identity may emerge from the production and reproduction of space; see Saarinen (2004) Tourist Studs 4 on tourist destinations and their identity, and try M. Tewdwr-Jones and P. Allmendinger (2006). Dittmer and Larsen (2007) Soc. & Cult. Geog. 8, 5 write that national identity is constructed by the interpellation of subjects from competing discourses that all emphasize different aspects of the lived experience of the inhabitants. The use of the term ‘interpellate’ is questionable. In physical geography, identity is established using ‘methods of ontology based on meaningful collections of attributes’ (Raper and Livingstone (2001) TIBG 26). Philosophy All of us agree with Joseph Butler that everything is what it is and not another thing. The difficulty is to know when we have one thing and not two. A rule for telling this is a principle of individuation, or a criterion of identity for things of the kind in question. In logic, identity may be introduced as a primitive relational expression, or defined via the identity of indiscernibles. See also personal identity.
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