“social Darwinism”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

social Darwinism

Geography

The application of the concept of evolution to the development of human societies over time, emphasizing the struggle for existence of each society, and the survival of the ‘fittest’ of them. Such pernicious ideas have been used to justify power politics, imperialism, and war; see Weikart (2003) German Studs Rev. 26, 2. Dorling (2010) Geog. J. 176, 3, 186 argues that the UK’s post-1970s rise in social and economic inequalities contributed to a revival of social Darwinism (‘a kind of growing racism against the poor’), which had been rejected in the more equitable post-war era.

Philosophy

See evolutionary ethics.

World History

A 19th-century theory of social and cultural evolution. Even before Charles Darwin published the Origin of Species (1859), the writer Herbert Spencer had been inspired by current ideas of evolution to write the Principles of Psychology (1855), where he first applied the concept of evolution to the development of society. The theory, based on the belief that natural selection favoured the most competitive or aggressive individual (the “survival of the fittest”), was often used to support political conservatism. It justified inequality among individuals and races, and discouraged attempts to reform society as an interference with the natural processes of selection of the fittest. In the 20th century it has been used to justify racist ideologies as well as to explain the operations of the “free economy”.

单词	social Darwinism
释义	social Darwinism Geography The application of the concept of evolution to the development of human societies over time, emphasizing the struggle for existence of each society, and the survival of the ‘fittest’ of them. Such pernicious ideas have been used to justify power politics, imperialism, and war; see Weikart (2003) German Studs Rev. 26, 2. Dorling (2010) Geog. J. 176, 3, 186 argues that the UK’s post-1970s rise in social and economic inequalities contributed to a revival of social Darwinism (‘a kind of growing racism against the poor’), which had been rejected in the more equitable post-war era. Philosophy See evolutionary ethics. World History A 19th-century theory of social and cultural evolution. Even before Charles Darwin published the Origin of Species (1859), the writer Herbert Spencer had been inspired by current ideas of evolution to write the Principles of Psychology (1855), where he first applied the concept of evolution to the development of society. The theory, based on the belief that natural selection favoured the most competitive or aggressive individual (the “survival of the fittest”), was often used to support political conservatism. It justified inequality among individuals and races, and discouraged attempts to reform society as an interference with the natural processes of selection of the fittest. In the 20th century it has been used to justify racist ideologies as well as to explain the operations of the “free economy”.
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