“social capital”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

social capital

Geography

The relations that exist between individuals within both families and communities, together with the educational, cultural, and social resources and expertise of a society (J. Coleman and F. Thomas 1987). ‘At the macro level, formal institutions, such as state constitutions and legal norms, make up the social capital of a society…at the micro level, social capital can be conceptualized as personal trust which exists in a particular community or social network’ (Batheld and Glückner (2005) Env. & Plan. A 37). However, Clarke (2008) Pol. Geog. 27, 1 claims that ‘many scholars would agree that an emphasis on community as the site for generating social capital and citizenship may be misleading’, and Antoci et al. (2007) J. Socio-Econ. 38, 1 emphasize the negative welfare consequences of social capital. For an overview of geographical accounts of social capital see Holt (2008) PHG 32, 2.

Economics

The networks, institutions, relationships, and social customs that determine the quality of social interactions. It has been argued that a high stock of social capital leads to many desirable outcomes including lower crime rates, better health, increased longevity, improved educational achievement, and less corrupt government. Social capital has proved a difficult concept to define precisely and has defied direct measurement.

单词	social capital
释义	social capital Geography The relations that exist between individuals within both families and communities, together with the educational, cultural, and social resources and expertise of a society (J. Coleman and F. Thomas 1987). ‘At the macro level, formal institutions, such as state constitutions and legal norms, make up the social capital of a society…at the micro level, social capital can be conceptualized as personal trust which exists in a particular community or social network’ (Batheld and Glückner (2005) Env. & Plan. A 37). However, Clarke (2008) Pol. Geog. 27, 1 claims that ‘many scholars would agree that an emphasis on community as the site for generating social capital and citizenship may be misleading’, and Antoci et al. (2007) J. Socio-Econ. 38, 1 emphasize the negative welfare consequences of social capital. For an overview of geographical accounts of social capital see Holt (2008) PHG 32, 2. Economics The networks, institutions, relationships, and social customs that determine the quality of social interactions. It has been argued that a high stock of social capital leads to many desirable outcomes including lower crime rates, better health, increased longevity, improved educational achievement, and less corrupt government. Social capital has proved a difficult concept to define precisely and has defied direct measurement.
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