“Gini coefficient”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Gini coefficient

Statistics

Geography

In a Lorenz curve, a measure of the difference between a given distribution of some variable, like population or income, and a perfectly even distribution. More simply, it tells us how evenly the variable is spread; the lower the Gini coefficient, the more evenly spread the variable.

Economics

A statistical measure of inequality. For a population of H individuals with mean income μ‎ the Gini coefficient, G, is defined by

$G = 1 - \frac{1}{H^{2} μ} \sum_{i = 1}^{H} \sum_{j = 1}^{H} min {M^{i}, M^{j}}$

where M^h is the income of individual h. A value of 0 for the Gini coefficient denotes complete equality, and a value of 1 maximal inequality, i.e. all income is received by a single individual. Using the Lorenz curve diagram, the Gini coefficient can be found as the ratio of the area between the Lorenz curve and the straight line connecting the ends of the Lorenz curve to the total area under this straight line.

单词	Gini coefficient
释义	Gini coefficient Statistics See Lorenz curve. Geography In a Lorenz curve, a measure of the difference between a given distribution of some variable, like population or income, and a perfectly even distribution. More simply, it tells us how evenly the variable is spread; the lower the Gini coefficient, the more evenly spread the variable. Economics A statistical measure of inequality. For a population of H individuals with mean income μ‎ the Gini coefficient, G, is defined by $G = 1 - \frac{1}{H^{2} μ} \sum_{i = 1}^{H} \sum_{j = 1}^{H} min {M^{i}, M^{j}}$ where M^h is the income of individual h. A value of 0 for the Gini coefficient denotes complete equality, and a value of 1 maximal inequality, i.e. all income is received by a single individual. Using the Lorenz curve diagram, the Gini coefficient can be found as the ratio of the area between the Lorenz curve and the straight line connecting the ends of the Lorenz curve to the total area under this straight line.
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