Redrawing constituency boundaries for political gain. It involves ‘careful drawing of constituency boundaries by a party so that either it wins a particular seat or, more generally, it wins more seats than its opponents’ (Johnston (2002) Pol. Geog. 21, 1). See Altman (2002) Pol. Geog. 21, 1 on evaluating gerrymandering claims, and Chen (2013) Int. Qly J. Pol. Sci. 8, 3, 239 on unintentional gerrymandering.