The military force of freemen available to the Anglo-Saxon kings. Military service was one of the three duties (the trinoda necessitas) required since the 7th century of all freemen—the other two duties being the maintenance of forts and the upkeep of roads and bridges. It was unusual for the fyrd to serve outside the shire in which it was raised. Modified by Alfred the Great, it continued to be called even under the Norman kings. Henry II reorganized it in his Assize of Arms (1181) and Edward I in the Statute of Winchester (1285). It eventually became the militia.