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单词 flux
释义
flux
Physics

  • 1. See luminous flux.

    2. See magnetic flux.

    3. See electric flux.

    4. The number of particles flowing per unit area of cross section in a beam of particles.

Mathematics

  • Given a vector field F and a surface Σ‎ in ℝ3, then the flux of F across Σ‎ is the integral ∬ΣF·dS. If F represents the velocity of a fluid, then the flux is the rate at which fluid is crossing the surface Σ‎. See Fourier’s law, Gauss Flux theorem, surface integral.

Astronomy

  • A measure of energy or number of particles passing through a given area of surface in unit time, usually per second. Luminous flux is the rate of flow of energy in the form of photons, measured in lumens; magnetic flux is a measure of the strength and extent of a magnetic field perpendicular to a surface, measured in webers; particle flux is the number of particles, for example in a stellar wind, passing through a unit area per second.

Chemistry

  • 1. A substance applied to the surfaces of metals to be soldered to inhibit oxidation.

    2. A substance used in the smelting of metals to assist in the removal of impurities as slag.

Chemical Engineering

  • 1. The rate of flow of a substance expressed as the mass or energy per unit cross-sectional area. The SI units are kg m−2 s−1 or W m−2.

    2. A substance used in soldering to inhibit oxidation. See brazing.

    3. A substance used in the smelting of metals for the removal of impurities or reaction products as slag. See smelting.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

  • A measure of the strength of a field of force through a specified area. See electric flux; magnetic flux.

Geography

  • In geomorphology, the amount of matter that flows through a unit area per unit time. Solute flux (sometimes called the solute load) is the solute concentration of the water at a point in time multiplied by the discharge occurring at the same time:

    solute flux, mgs−1=solute concentration(mgL−1)×discharge (Ls−1)

    See Heal in J. Holden (2012) pp. 372–3 for techniques in estimating solute flux.
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