“Wien’s displacement law”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Wien’s displacement law

Physics

For a black body, λ‎_mT=constant, where λ‎_m is the wavelength corresponding to the maximum radiation of energy and T is the thermodynamic temperature of the body. Thus as the temperature rises the maximum of the spectral energy distribution curve is displaced towards the short-wavelength end of the spectrum. The law was derived (1893) by the German physicist Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928), using thermodynamics. It can be derived as a special case of Planck’s radiation law.

Astronomy

The relation between the wavelength of peak emission from a black body and its temperature. At low temperatures black-body radiation is confined mainly to the infrared region of the spectrum, but at progressively higher temperatures the peak of the emission is displaced to progressively shorter wavelengths. According to the law, the wavelength of peak emission, λ‎_max, multiplied by T, the thermodynamic temperature of the body, is a constant. Although celestial bodies are not perfect black bodies, the displacement law is still useful for predicting the wavelengths near which most of their radiation is emitted. For example, the cosmic background radiation has T = 2.7 K and λ‎_max = 1 mm; a cool, red star has T = 3000 K and λ‎_max = 1 μ‎m (in the infrared); the Sun, T = 6000 K and λ‎_max = 500 nm (visible); the hottest normal stars, T = 30 000 K and λ‎_max = 100 nm (ultraviolet); planetary nebula nuclei T = 100 000 K and λ‎_max = 30 nm (extreme ultraviolet). The law is named after the German physicist Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928).

Chemical Engineering

A law that states that the most strongly emitted wavelength in the continuous spectrum from a full radiator is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature of that body (see Fig. 58). λT = b where b is Wien’s constant equal to 2.898 × 10⁻³ m K. The maximum temperature in the spectral distribution from a black body is therefore displaced towards the shorter wavelengths with increasing temperature. For example, an electric bar heater emits no colour when cold and on heating initially glows red and is white (i.e. a mixture of all coloured light) when very hot. The law was stated by German physicist Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928).
Fig. 58

Geology and Earth Sciences

The law which states that the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a material is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature of that material. As the absolute temperature increases, the wavelength of emitted radiation becomes shorter.

单词	Wien’s displacement law
释义	Wien’s displacement law Physics For a black body, λ‎_mT=constant, where λ‎_m is the wavelength corresponding to the maximum radiation of energy and T is the thermodynamic temperature of the body. Thus as the temperature rises the maximum of the spectral energy distribution curve is displaced towards the short-wavelength end of the spectrum. The law was derived (1893) by the German physicist Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928), using thermodynamics. It can be derived as a special case of Planck’s radiation law. Astronomy The relation between the wavelength of peak emission from a black body and its temperature. At low temperatures black-body radiation is confined mainly to the infrared region of the spectrum, but at progressively higher temperatures the peak of the emission is displaced to progressively shorter wavelengths. According to the law, the wavelength of peak emission, λ‎_max, multiplied by T, the thermodynamic temperature of the body, is a constant. Although celestial bodies are not perfect black bodies, the displacement law is still useful for predicting the wavelengths near which most of their radiation is emitted. For example, the cosmic background radiation has T = 2.7 K and λ‎_max = 1 mm; a cool, red star has T = 3000 K and λ‎_max = 1 μ‎m (in the infrared); the Sun, T = 6000 K and λ‎_max = 500 nm (visible); the hottest normal stars, T = 30 000 K and λ‎_max = 100 nm (ultraviolet); planetary nebula nuclei T = 100 000 K and λ‎_max = 30 nm (extreme ultraviolet). The law is named after the German physicist Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928). Chemical Engineering A law that states that the most strongly emitted wavelength in the continuous spectrum from a full radiator is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature of that body (see Fig. 58). λT = b where b is Wien’s constant equal to 2.898 × 10⁻³ m K. The maximum temperature in the spectral distribution from a black body is therefore displaced towards the shorter wavelengths with increasing temperature. For example, an electric bar heater emits no colour when cold and on heating initially glows red and is white (i.e. a mixture of all coloured light) when very hot. The law was stated by German physicist Wilhelm Wien (1864–1928). Fig. 58 Geology and Earth Sciences The law which states that the wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emitted by a material is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature of that material. As the absolute temperature increases, the wavelength of emitted radiation becomes shorter.
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