“radioactivity”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

radioactivity

Physics

The spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of alpha-particles (helium nuclei), beta-particles (electrons or positrons), or gamma radiation (short-wavelength electromagnetic waves).

Natural radioactivity is the result of the spontaneous disintegration of naturally occurring radioisotopes. Many radioisotopes can be arranged in three radioactive series. The rate of disintegration is uninfluenced by chemical changes or any normal changes in their environment. However, radioactivity can be induced in many nuclides by bombarding them with neutrons or other particles. See also decay; ionizing radiation; radiation units.

Chemistry

The spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of alpha-particles (helium nuclei), beta-particles (electrons or positrons), or gamma radiation (short-wavelength electromagnetic waves).
Natural radioactivity is the result of the spontaneous disintegration of naturally occurring radioisotopes. Many radioisotopes can be arranged in three radioactive series. The rate of disintegration is uninfluenced by chemical changes or any normal changes in their environment. However, radioactivity can be induced in many nuclides by bombarding them with neutrons or other particles. See also decay; ionizing radiation; radiation units.

Chemical Engineering

A qualitative term used to describe the phenomenon resulting from the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei usually with the emission of penetrating radiation or particles. The phenomenon was first noticed by Henri Becquerel in 1896 in uranium salts in which rays emitted by these salts were found to affect a photographic plate. Marie and Pierre Curie detected more intense radioactivity in a new element which they called polonium, and later isolated another radioactive element, which they named radium.

Biology

The spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of alpha-particles (helium nuclei), beta-particles (electrons or positrons), or gamma radiation (short-wavelength electromagnetic waves). Natural radioactivity is the result of the spontaneous disintegration of naturally occurring radioisotopes. The rate of disintegration is uninfluenced by chemical changes or any normal changes in their environment. However, radioactivity can be induced in many nuclides by bombarding them with neutrons or other particles. See also radiation units.

单词	radioactivity
释义	radioactivity Physics The spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of alpha-particles (helium nuclei), beta-particles (electrons or positrons), or gamma radiation (short-wavelength electromagnetic waves). Natural radioactivity is the result of the spontaneous disintegration of naturally occurring radioisotopes. Many radioisotopes can be arranged in three radioactive series. The rate of disintegration is uninfluenced by chemical changes or any normal changes in their environment. However, radioactivity can be induced in many nuclides by bombarding them with neutrons or other particles. See also decay; ionizing radiation; radiation units. Chemistry The spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of alpha-particles (helium nuclei), beta-particles (electrons or positrons), or gamma radiation (short-wavelength electromagnetic waves). Natural radioactivity is the result of the spontaneous disintegration of naturally occurring radioisotopes. Many radioisotopes can be arranged in three radioactive series. The rate of disintegration is uninfluenced by chemical changes or any normal changes in their environment. However, radioactivity can be induced in many nuclides by bombarding them with neutrons or other particles. See also decay; ionizing radiation; radiation units. Chemical Engineering A qualitative term used to describe the phenomenon resulting from the spontaneous disintegration of atomic nuclei usually with the emission of penetrating radiation or particles. The phenomenon was first noticed by Henri Becquerel in 1896 in uranium salts in which rays emitted by these salts were found to affect a photographic plate. Marie and Pierre Curie detected more intense radioactivity in a new element which they called polonium, and later isolated another radioactive element, which they named radium. Biology The spontaneous disintegration of certain atomic nuclei accompanied by the emission of alpha-particles (helium nuclei), beta-particles (electrons or positrons), or gamma radiation (short-wavelength electromagnetic waves). Natural radioactivity is the result of the spontaneous disintegration of naturally occurring radioisotopes. The rate of disintegration is uninfluenced by chemical changes or any normal changes in their environment. However, radioactivity can be induced in many nuclides by bombarding them with neutrons or other particles. See also radiation units.
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