“extrusion”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

extrusion

Chemical Engineering

A process in which a soft material is forced under pressure through a restricted orifice or opening in a die to produce a continuous flow of material in a desired shape or form. The material is conveyed under pressure using an Archimedes screw. Either a single or twin screw auger is used that is generally powered by an electric motor. Heated billets of aluminium can be extruded to form sheets, rods, and tubing. Plastics and polymers can also be extruded. The first extruders were developed in 1879 for wire coating. The first hot-melt-extrusion extruders for thermoplastics were developed in Germany in 1935.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The emission of magma from a vent or fissure on to the Earth’s surface where it forms a lava flow. Gas is released quietly, rather than explosively, from the magma at the source vent and consequently there is little associated pyroclastic activity. Gas may also be vented from a different source, or extrusion may be of lava (magma) which has been degassed previously.

Geography

A formation of rock made of magma which has erupted onto the Earth’s surface as lava and has then solidified. The crystals in extrusive rocks are small, since the lava solidifies rapidly, giving little time for crystal growth. Extrusions emerge from fissure eruptions and volcanoes. See Redfield et al. (2007) Geology 35, 11.

单词	extrusion
释义	extrusion Chemical Engineering A process in which a soft material is forced under pressure through a restricted orifice or opening in a die to produce a continuous flow of material in a desired shape or form. The material is conveyed under pressure using an Archimedes screw. Either a single or twin screw auger is used that is generally powered by an electric motor. Heated billets of aluminium can be extruded to form sheets, rods, and tubing. Plastics and polymers can also be extruded. The first extruders were developed in 1879 for wire coating. The first hot-melt-extrusion extruders for thermoplastics were developed in Germany in 1935. Geology and Earth Sciences The emission of magma from a vent or fissure on to the Earth’s surface where it forms a lava flow. Gas is released quietly, rather than explosively, from the magma at the source vent and consequently there is little associated pyroclastic activity. Gas may also be vented from a different source, or extrusion may be of lava (magma) which has been degassed previously. Geography A formation of rock made of magma which has erupted onto the Earth’s surface as lava and has then solidified. The crystals in extrusive rocks are small, since the lava solidifies rapidly, giving little time for crystal growth. Extrusions emerge from fissure eruptions and volcanoes. See Redfield et al. (2007) Geology 35, 11.
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