“Euler, Leonhard (1707–83)”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

Euler, Leonhard (1707–83)

Physics

Euler was a remarkably prolific and wide-ranging scientist who made fundamental contributions to Newtonian mechanics, including the Lagrangian formulation and the theory of rigid body dynamics. He also made fundamental contributions to fluid mechanics. He established much of the notation that is used in present-day mathematics.

Mathematics

One of the most prolific of famous mathematicians and the greatest mathematician of the 18th century. He was born in Switzerland but is most closely associated with the Berlin of Frederick the Great and the St Petersburg of Catherine the Great. He worked in a highly productive period when the newly developed calculus was being extended in varied directions, and he made contributions to most areas of mathematics, pure and applied. Euler was also responsible for much notation that is standard today. Among his contributions to the language are the basic symbols, π‎, e and i, the summation notation ∑ and the standard function notation f(x). His Introductio in analysin infinitorum was the most important mathematics text of the late 18th century. From the vast bulk of his work, one famous result of which he was justifiably proud is his solution to the Basel problem:

$1 + \frac{1}{2^{2}} + \frac{1}{3^{2}} + \dots + \frac{1}{n^{2}} + \dots = \frac{π^{2}}{6} .$

Astronomy

He refined the mathematical theory of the Moon’s motion, and calculated improved orbits for Jupiter and Saturn. His lunar theory helped the German cartographer and astronomer Johan Tobias Mayer (1723–62) to produce highly accurate lunar tables; its full merits would come to be appreciated by G. W. Hill, over a century later. Euler’s work on optical systems strongly influenced the technical development of telescopes. He also worked on planetary perturbations, the orbits of comets, and the tides.

Statistics

Euler attended Basel U when aged thirteen and gained a master's degree at sixteen. He was the author of more than 900 papers and introduced much of the notation in modern use (e.g. π, e, i, ∑). A street in Paris and a lunar crater are named after him.
http://plus.maths.org/content/os/issue42/features/wilson/index Fuller biography and portrait.

单词	Euler, Leonhard (1707–83)
释义	Euler, Leonhard (1707–83) Physics Euler was a remarkably prolific and wide-ranging scientist who made fundamental contributions to Newtonian mechanics, including the Lagrangian formulation and the theory of rigid body dynamics. He also made fundamental contributions to fluid mechanics. He established much of the notation that is used in present-day mathematics. Mathematics One of the most prolific of famous mathematicians and the greatest mathematician of the 18th century. He was born in Switzerland but is most closely associated with the Berlin of Frederick the Great and the St Petersburg of Catherine the Great. He worked in a highly productive period when the newly developed calculus was being extended in varied directions, and he made contributions to most areas of mathematics, pure and applied. Euler was also responsible for much notation that is standard today. Among his contributions to the language are the basic symbols, π‎, e and i, the summation notation ∑ and the standard function notation f(x). His Introductio in analysin infinitorum was the most important mathematics text of the late 18th century. From the vast bulk of his work, one famous result of which he was justifiably proud is his solution to the Basel problem: $1 + \frac{1}{2^{2}} + \frac{1}{3^{2}} + \dots + \frac{1}{n^{2}} + \dots = \frac{π^{2}}{6} .$ Astronomy He refined the mathematical theory of the Moon’s motion, and calculated improved orbits for Jupiter and Saturn. His lunar theory helped the German cartographer and astronomer Johan Tobias Mayer (1723–62) to produce highly accurate lunar tables; its full merits would come to be appreciated by G. W. Hill, over a century later. Euler’s work on optical systems strongly influenced the technical development of telescopes. He also worked on planetary perturbations, the orbits of comets, and the tides. Statistics Euler attended Basel U when aged thirteen and gained a master's degree at sixteen. He was the author of more than 900 papers and introduced much of the notation in modern use (e.g. π, e, i, ∑). A street in Paris and a lunar crater are named after him. http://plus.maths.org/content/os/issue42/features/wilson/index Fuller biography and portrait.
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