Discussions of the post-socialist city can founder on the definition of post-socialism (see Andros (2001) Anthropoids). Lin (2004) Eurasian Geog. & Econ. 45, 1 argues that the interaction of the socialist legacy of industrialization ‘with the new forces of marketization and globalization has given rise to a peculiar pattern of simultaneous industrialization and tertiarization, differing from the Western norm of linear progression’. Tsenkova (2008) Urb. Geog. 29, 78 is richly detailed; see also Hirt (2007) Urb. Geog. 28, 8, and try K. Stanilov (2007).