“polarimeter”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

polarimeter

Physics

An instrument used to determine the angle through which the plane of polarization of plane-polarized light is rotated on passing through an optically active substance. Essentially, a polarimeter consists of a light source, a polarizer (e.g. a sheet of Polaroid) for producing plane-polarized light, a transparent cell containing the sample, and an analyser. The analyser is a polarizing material that can be rotated. Light from the source is plane-polarized by the polarizer and passes through the sample, then through the analyser into the eye or onto a light-detector. The angle of polarization is determined by rotating the analyser until the maximum transmission of light occurs. The angle of rotation is read off a scale. Simple portable polarimeters are used for estimating the concentrations of sugar solutions in confectionary manufacture. See also photoelasticity.

Astronomy

An instrument for measuring the polarization of light. In a typical polarimeter the light passes through a polarizing device which is rotated between readings. The intensity of the emergent light in various planes depends on the orientation of the polarizer with respect to the direction of polarization of the source. The intensity is measured with a photoelectric photometer with filters. For stars and other point sources the results are stated as the percentage of the light that is polarized. For extended sources, a false-colour image may be used, or the direction and strength of the polarization may be shown by arrows superimposed upon a normal image. A photometer combined with a polarimeter is termed a photopolarimeter. See also spectropolarimetry.

Chemistry

An instrument used to determine the angle through which the plane of polarization of plane-polarized light is rotated on passing through an optically active substance. Essentially, a polarimeter consists of a light source, a polarizer (e.g. a sheet of Polaroid) for producing plane-polarized light, a transparent cell containing the sample, and an analyser. The analyser is a polarizing material that can be rotated. Light from the source is plane-polarized by the polarizer and passes through the sample, then through the analyser into the eye or onto a light-detector. The angle of polarization is determined by rotating the analyser until the maximum transmission of light occurs. The angle of rotation is read off a scale. Simple portable polarimeters are used for estimating the concentrations of sugar solutions in confectionary manufacture.

Chemical Engineering

An instrument that measures the polarization of any form of electromagnetic radiation.

单词	polarimeter
释义	polarimeter Physics An instrument used to determine the angle through which the plane of polarization of plane-polarized light is rotated on passing through an optically active substance. Essentially, a polarimeter consists of a light source, a polarizer (e.g. a sheet of Polaroid) for producing plane-polarized light, a transparent cell containing the sample, and an analyser. The analyser is a polarizing material that can be rotated. Light from the source is plane-polarized by the polarizer and passes through the sample, then through the analyser into the eye or onto a light-detector. The angle of polarization is determined by rotating the analyser until the maximum transmission of light occurs. The angle of rotation is read off a scale. Simple portable polarimeters are used for estimating the concentrations of sugar solutions in confectionary manufacture. See also photoelasticity. Astronomy An instrument for measuring the polarization of light. In a typical polarimeter the light passes through a polarizing device which is rotated between readings. The intensity of the emergent light in various planes depends on the orientation of the polarizer with respect to the direction of polarization of the source. The intensity is measured with a photoelectric photometer with filters. For stars and other point sources the results are stated as the percentage of the light that is polarized. For extended sources, a false-colour image may be used, or the direction and strength of the polarization may be shown by arrows superimposed upon a normal image. A photometer combined with a polarimeter is termed a photopolarimeter. See also spectropolarimetry. Chemistry An instrument used to determine the angle through which the plane of polarization of plane-polarized light is rotated on passing through an optically active substance. Essentially, a polarimeter consists of a light source, a polarizer (e.g. a sheet of Polaroid) for producing plane-polarized light, a transparent cell containing the sample, and an analyser. The analyser is a polarizing material that can be rotated. Light from the source is plane-polarized by the polarizer and passes through the sample, then through the analyser into the eye or onto a light-detector. The angle of polarization is determined by rotating the analyser until the maximum transmission of light occurs. The angle of rotation is read off a scale. Simple portable polarimeters are used for estimating the concentrations of sugar solutions in confectionary manufacture. Chemical Engineering An instrument that measures the polarization of any form of electromagnetic radiation.
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