A Swedish mechanical engineer who worked on the design of steam turbines and machinery used in the dairy industry. After gaining his doctorate in 1867, he invented a number of machines used in the dairy (p. 101) industry, including a cream separator that involved a spinning container powered by a steam engine. The centrifugal action permitted the lighter cream to separate to the inside with the heavier milk moving to the outside. His most notable achievement was the development of the impulse steam turbine in 1882 that could operate at 42,000 rpm. It was used in many industries through special reduction gearing mechanisms allowing high-speed turbines to drive slow-speed shafts such as propellers for ship propulsion. He was a member of the Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences and was elected to the Swedish parliament. Together with Oscar Lamm (1848–1930), he founded the Alfa Laval company in 1883.