| 单词 | Table I-2: Index of Refraction (IOR) |
| 释义 | Table I-2: Index of Refraction (IOR) Medium Signal Velocity (km/s) Velocity of Propagation (Vp) Index of Refraction (IOR) Vacuum 300,000 100.00 1.0000 Air 299,890 99.97 1.0003 Water 226,000 75.33 1.3275 Optical Fiber 203,910–209,910 67.57–68.97 1.4500–1.4800 Not all glass is created equal, by the way.The raw material for all glass is quartz sand, a very pure sand comprising nearly 100 percent crystalline quartz silica. During the manufacturing process, the glass is puri-fied to reduce the slight amount of iron oxide that might be present, various dopants (i.e., impurities) are added to alter brittleness and other characteristics, and heat treatments can be applied to produce tempered glass. Glass optical fiber is typically doped with some amount of germanium oxide (GeO2) or other compounds, which increase the IOR and variously impact other operating characteristics of the fiber at certain wavelengths. Erbium-doped fiber amplifiers (EDFAs) are used extensively in long haul fiber optic transmission systems (FOTS) in place of more traditional optical repeaters. 74570c09.qxd 9/11/07 12:22 PM Page 250 |
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