| 单词 | SNAFU (Situation Normal All Fouled Up) |
| 释义 | SNAFU (Situation Normal All Fouled Up) mode, much like instant messaging (IM), and many IM systems support mobile communications via interfaces to SMS systems. SMS messages use the same Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) specified in the TCP/IP protocol suite for Internet e-mail. SMS messages between the mobile phone, or other device, and the centralized message center, known as a Short Message Service Center (SMSC), are in packet format. In packet-based Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA) cellular networks, SMS packet data transport is relatively straightforward. In Time Division Multiple Access (TDMA) and GSM networks, SMS packet transport is over the signaling channel via Signaling System 7 (SS7). Note: The SS7 protocol limits the packet size to 140 octets, which translates to 160 ASCII 7-bit characters (140 × 8 = 1120 / 7 = 160). Where other coding schemes are employed, the number of characters per packet varies. For example, a double-byte coding scheme such as those (e.g., Unicode-16) used in support of complex alphabets (e.g., Chinese and Japanese), limits the packet size to 70 characters. SMS has evolved into Multimedia Messaging Service (MMS), which has been widely available in Japan and select other countries since 2001. MMS allows the user to create multimedia mail comprising text messages with image, audio, and video attachments. See also ASCII, CDMA, GSM, IM, MMS, nrt, packet, paging system, SMTP, SS7, store-and-forward, TCP/IP, and Unicode-16. |
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