“optical fibre”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

optical fibre

Physics

A wave guide through which light can be transmitted with very little leakage through the sidewalls. In the step-index fibre a pure glass core, with a diameter between 6 and 250 micrometres, is surrounded by a coaxial glass or plastic cladding of lower refractive index. The cladding is usually between 10 and 150 micrometres thick. The interface between core and cladding acts as a cylindrical mirror at which total internal reflection of the transmitted light takes place. This structure enables a beam of light to travel through many kilometres of fibre. In the graded-index fibre, each layer of glass, from the fibre axis to its outer wall, has a slightly lower refractive index than the layer inside it. This arrangement also prevents light from escaping through the fibre walls by a combination of refraction and total internal reflection, and can be made to give the same transit time for rays at different angles.

Fibre-optic systems use optical fibres to transmit information, in the form of coded pulses or fragmented images (using bundles of fibres), from a source to a receiver. They are also used in medical instruments (fibrescopes) to examine internal body cavities, such as the stomach and bladder.

Computer

A thin transparent fibre used to carry optical signals, typically in the infrared with a wavelength of 1200–1550 nanometres. Optical fibres require special devices to convert electric signals to light energy at the transmitting end, and to convert light energy to electric signals at the receiving end. Equipment is also needed to handle whatever lower-level protocols are to be used across the optical fibre. A variety of methods are used to reduce the loss of the optical signal. See also fibre optics.

Electronics and Electrical Engineering

A fine filament of glass or clear plastic that transmits light along its length. To reduce light loss, the fibre is made of very pure material and the refractive index of the material is made to vary across the fibre. The refractive index variation causes light rays at less than a certain angle to the axis of the fibre to be totally internally reflected back into the fibre, and this continues along the transmission path. Optical fibres are used primarily for communication purposes. See fibre-optics system.

Biology

A glass fibre through which light can be transmitted with near total internal reflection and very little leakage through the sidewalls. In the step-index fibre a pure glass core, with a diameter between 6 and 250 µm, is surrounded by a glass or plastic cladding of lower refractive index. The cladding is usually between 10 and 150 µm thick. The interface between core and cladding acts as a cylindrical mirror at which total internal reflection of the transmitted light takes place. This structure enables a beam of light to travel through many kilometres of fibre. In the graded-index fibre, each layer of glass, from the fibre axis to its outer wall, has a slightly lower refractive index than the layer inside it. This arrangement also prevents light from escaping through the fibre walls by a combination of refraction and total internal reflection, and can be made to give the same transit time for rays at different angles.
Fibre-optic systems use optical fibres to transmit information, in the form of coded pulses or fragmented images (using bundles of fibres), from a source to a receiver. They are used, for example, in medical instruments (endoscopes or fibrescopes) to examine internal body cavities, such as the stomach and bladder.

单词	optical fibre
释义	optical fibre Physics A wave guide through which light can be transmitted with very little leakage through the sidewalls. In the step-index fibre a pure glass core, with a diameter between 6 and 250 micrometres, is surrounded by a coaxial glass or plastic cladding of lower refractive index. The cladding is usually between 10 and 150 micrometres thick. The interface between core and cladding acts as a cylindrical mirror at which total internal reflection of the transmitted light takes place. This structure enables a beam of light to travel through many kilometres of fibre. In the graded-index fibre, each layer of glass, from the fibre axis to its outer wall, has a slightly lower refractive index than the layer inside it. This arrangement also prevents light from escaping through the fibre walls by a combination of refraction and total internal reflection, and can be made to give the same transit time for rays at different angles. Fibre-optic systems use optical fibres to transmit information, in the form of coded pulses or fragmented images (using bundles of fibres), from a source to a receiver. They are also used in medical instruments (fibrescopes) to examine internal body cavities, such as the stomach and bladder. Computer A thin transparent fibre used to carry optical signals, typically in the infrared with a wavelength of 1200–1550 nanometres. Optical fibres require special devices to convert electric signals to light energy at the transmitting end, and to convert light energy to electric signals at the receiving end. Equipment is also needed to handle whatever lower-level protocols are to be used across the optical fibre. A variety of methods are used to reduce the loss of the optical signal. See also fibre optics. Electronics and Electrical Engineering A fine filament of glass or clear plastic that transmits light along its length. To reduce light loss, the fibre is made of very pure material and the refractive index of the material is made to vary across the fibre. The refractive index variation causes light rays at less than a certain angle to the axis of the fibre to be totally internally reflected back into the fibre, and this continues along the transmission path. Optical fibres are used primarily for communication purposes. See fibre-optics system. Biology A glass fibre through which light can be transmitted with near total internal reflection and very little leakage through the sidewalls. In the step-index fibre a pure glass core, with a diameter between 6 and 250 µm, is surrounded by a glass or plastic cladding of lower refractive index. The cladding is usually between 10 and 150 µm thick. The interface between core and cladding acts as a cylindrical mirror at which total internal reflection of the transmitted light takes place. This structure enables a beam of light to travel through many kilometres of fibre. In the graded-index fibre, each layer of glass, from the fibre axis to its outer wall, has a slightly lower refractive index than the layer inside it. This arrangement also prevents light from escaping through the fibre walls by a combination of refraction and total internal reflection, and can be made to give the same transit time for rays at different angles. Fibre-optic systems use optical fibres to transmit information, in the form of coded pulses or fragmented images (using bundles of fibres), from a source to a receiver. They are used, for example, in medical instruments (endoscopes or fibrescopes) to examine internal body cavities, such as the stomach and bladder.
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