The part of the vertebrate brain concerned with the coordination and regulation of muscle activity and the maintenance of muscle tone and balance. In mammals it consists of two connected hemispheres, composed of a core of white matter and a much-folded outer cortex of grey matter containing numerous Purkyne cells, and it is situated above the medulla oblongata and partly beneath the cerebrum. In humans it also receives input from hearing and vision centres elsewhere in the brain, analyses visual signals associated with body movements, and estimates the time intervals between events or when performing movements, e.g. in hand–eye coordination.