“centrifuge”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

centrifuge

Physics

A device in which solid or liquid particles of different densities are separated by rotating them in a tube in a horizontal circle. The denser particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particles to the other end.

Space Exploration

A machine that creates centrifugal force by spinning around a centre. NASA uses one, located at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas, to simulate g-forces encountered by astronauts during a launch. The US Air Force uses it to train pilots, and has trained more than 100 astronauts since 1991. The ‘g qualification ride’ involves two nine-minute sessions in the centrifuge, which reaches a threshold of 3 g; that is, a gravitational force three times a person's own body weight.
The International Space Station will also have a centrifuge accommodation module to simulate Earth's gravity for comparative studies, and it will be able to simulate the gravity of the Moon and Mars for future space missions.

Chemistry

A device in which solid or liquid particles of different densities are separated by rotating them in a tube in a horizontal circle. The denser particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particles to the other end.

Chemical Engineering

A mechanical device consisting of a rotating bowl, basket, or cones or blades, used to separate solid particles from a liquid or a suspension of immiscible droplets in a liquid by virtue of having a difference in density. The particles are usually small and have a similar density to the liquid, such that separation by gravity is too slow or not even possible. By applying a centrifugal force, separation can be achieved more easily. Centrifuges are used in the oil industry to separate droplets of oil from water streams. High-speed centrifuges are used in biotechnological processes such as separating spent yeast cells from fermented beer. See cyclone separator.

Biology

A device in which solid or liquid particles of different densities are separated by rotating them in a tube in a horizontal circle. The denser particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particles to the other end.

单词	centrifuge
释义	centrifuge Physics A device in which solid or liquid particles of different densities are separated by rotating them in a tube in a horizontal circle. The denser particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particles to the other end. Space Exploration A machine that creates centrifugal force by spinning around a centre. NASA uses one, located at Brooks Air Force Base, Texas, to simulate g-forces encountered by astronauts during a launch. The US Air Force uses it to train pilots, and has trained more than 100 astronauts since 1991. The ‘g qualification ride’ involves two nine-minute sessions in the centrifuge, which reaches a threshold of 3 g; that is, a gravitational force three times a person's own body weight. The International Space Station will also have a centrifuge accommodation module to simulate Earth's gravity for comparative studies, and it will be able to simulate the gravity of the Moon and Mars for future space missions. Chemistry A device in which solid or liquid particles of different densities are separated by rotating them in a tube in a horizontal circle. The denser particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particles to the other end. Chemical Engineering A mechanical device consisting of a rotating bowl, basket, or cones or blades, used to separate solid particles from a liquid or a suspension of immiscible droplets in a liquid by virtue of having a difference in density. The particles are usually small and have a similar density to the liquid, such that separation by gravity is too slow or not even possible. By applying a centrifugal force, separation can be achieved more easily. Centrifuges are used in the oil industry to separate droplets of oil from water streams. High-speed centrifuges are used in biotechnological processes such as separating spent yeast cells from fermented beer. See cyclone separator. Biology A device in which solid or liquid particles of different densities are separated by rotating them in a tube in a horizontal circle. The denser particles tend to move along the length of the tube to a greater radius of rotation, displacing the lighter particles to the other end.
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