“census”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

census

Statistics

Data for an entire population—as opposed to a random sample. In England the most famous early census is that of the ‘Domesday Book’. The first modern census was the 1666 census of the 3215 inhabitants of New France (now Canada!). In Europe the first complete demographic census was that in Sweden in 1749. The first federal census in the USA took place in 1790, and the first complete demographic censuses in both Britain and France occurred in 1801. In both the United Kingdom and the USA, censuses now occur every ten years.

Geography

An investigation, usually into the size and nature of a population, but occasionally into other things, such as traffic. A census tract, known in the UK as an enumeration district, is a small unit of area used in collecting, recording, and reporting census data. Census geography is the spatial organization of conducting a census and the geographical analysis and thematic mapping of census data (N. Castree, R. Kitchin, and A. Rogers 2013). In the UK, Census Output Areas are geographical areas consisting of about 125 households, with a population of about 300.
Census geography design is the delineation of appropriate geographical base units from which to create and use geography; see Vickers and Rees (2007) JR Statist. Soc. A 170, 2 and Rees and Martin in P. Rees et al., eds (2002). The UK Office of National Statistics (ONS) offers a range of 2011 Census geography products for England and Wales.
https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/137664/Census_geography.pdf For more detail on census output areas.

Economics

An official inquiry concerning the number and characteristics of the population of a given area. Censuses are normally carried out by official bodies, by means of questionnaires, reply to which is compulsory. In the UK censuses are normally held every ten years; the most recent was in 2011. Information is collected on personal characteristics such as age, sex, family status, and occupation; censuses may also collect information on other topics such as housing conditions, mobility, language, ethnic grouping, or religion.
http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/index.html The guide to data from the UK 2011 census.

单词	census
释义	census Statistics Data for an entire population—as opposed to a random sample. In England the most famous early census is that of the ‘Domesday Book’. The first modern census was the 1666 census of the 3215 inhabitants of New France (now Canada!). In Europe the first complete demographic census was that in Sweden in 1749. The first federal census in the USA took place in 1790, and the first complete demographic censuses in both Britain and France occurred in 1801. In both the United Kingdom and the USA, censuses now occur every ten years. Geography An investigation, usually into the size and nature of a population, but occasionally into other things, such as traffic. A census tract, known in the UK as an enumeration district, is a small unit of area used in collecting, recording, and reporting census data. Census geography is the spatial organization of conducting a census and the geographical analysis and thematic mapping of census data (N. Castree, R. Kitchin, and A. Rogers 2013). In the UK, Census Output Areas are geographical areas consisting of about 125 households, with a population of about 300. Census geography design is the delineation of appropriate geographical base units from which to create and use geography; see Vickers and Rees (2007) JR Statist. Soc. A 170, 2 and Rees and Martin in P. Rees et al., eds (2002). The UK Office of National Statistics (ONS) offers a range of 2011 Census geography products for England and Wales. https://www.gov.uk/government/uploads/system/uploads/attachment_data/file/137664/Census_geography.pdf For more detail on census output areas. Economics An official inquiry concerning the number and characteristics of the population of a given area. Censuses are normally carried out by official bodies, by means of questionnaires, reply to which is compulsory. In the UK censuses are normally held every ten years; the most recent was in 2011. Information is collected on personal characteristics such as age, sex, family status, and occupation; censuses may also collect information on other topics such as housing conditions, mobility, language, ethnic grouping, or religion. http://www.ons.gov.uk/ons/guide-method/census/2011/index.html The guide to data from the UK 2011 census.
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