“zero-sum game”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

zero-sum game

Mathematics

See matrix game.

Statistics

See game theory.

Geography

A formal game whereby, on choosing a particular strategy, one competitor’s gain is his opponent’s loss. Liard-Muriente (2007) Area 39, 2 writes that ‘regional development policies could be described as a zero-sum game, with local job reshuffling as the outcome. After all, if one area accomplishes growth, it will be at the expense of another area. Thus, overall welfare is unchanged.’ Polèse and Shearmur (2006) Papers Reg. Sci. 85, 1 agree: ‘stable national populations means a zero-sum demographic game for interregional systems…Assuming (as most migration models do), that population movements largely follow the spatial distribution of economic opportunities, the key factor becomes the spatial distribution of employment. In such an environment, if shifts in employment continue, on balance, to favour the centre over the periphery, the latter must decline.’

Philosophy

A game in which one player’s gain is an equivalent net loss to the other player or players. No overall gain is possible. This contrasts with games in which all players can gain, for example by coordination.

Economics

A game in which the sum of the pay-offs to players is zero for every outcome. In a two-player zero-sum game a positive pay-off for one player implies a negative pay-off (of equal absolute value) for the other player. Zero-sum games represent direct opposition between the interests of the players and are used to model conflict. See also maximin.

单词	zero-sum game
释义	zero-sum game Mathematics See matrix game. Statistics See game theory. Geography A formal game whereby, on choosing a particular strategy, one competitor’s gain is his opponent’s loss. Liard-Muriente (2007) Area 39, 2 writes that ‘regional development policies could be described as a zero-sum game, with local job reshuffling as the outcome. After all, if one area accomplishes growth, it will be at the expense of another area. Thus, overall welfare is unchanged.’ Polèse and Shearmur (2006) Papers Reg. Sci. 85, 1 agree: ‘stable national populations means a zero-sum demographic game for interregional systems…Assuming (as most migration models do), that population movements largely follow the spatial distribution of economic opportunities, the key factor becomes the spatial distribution of employment. In such an environment, if shifts in employment continue, on balance, to favour the centre over the periphery, the latter must decline.’ Philosophy A game in which one player’s gain is an equivalent net loss to the other player or players. No overall gain is possible. This contrasts with games in which all players can gain, for example by coordination. Economics A game in which the sum of the pay-offs to players is zero for every outcome. In a two-player zero-sum game a positive pay-off for one player implies a negative pay-off (of equal absolute value) for the other player. Zero-sum games represent direct opposition between the interests of the players and are used to model conflict. See also maximin.
随便看	DNA library DNA ligase DNA melting DNA methylation DNA microarray DNA packing DNA photolyase DNA polymerase DNA probe DNA profiling DNA repair DNA replication DNase DNA sequencing DNA testing Dneper rocket Dnepr-Samarovo DNI DNS DNS parking DNSSEC DNS server Dobsonian telescope Dobzhansky, Theodosius Dobzhansky–Muller model