“nuclear reaction”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

nuclear reaction

Physics

Any reaction in which there is a change to an atomic nucleus. This may be a natural spontaneous disintegration or an artificial bombardment of a nucleus with an energetic particle, as in a nuclear reactor. Nuclear reactions are commonly represented by enclosing within a bracket the symbols for the incoming and outgoing particles; the initial nuclide is shown before the bracket and the final nuclide after it. For example, the reaction:

$^{12} C +^{2} H \to^{13} N +^{1} n$

is shown as ¹²C(d,n)¹³N, where d is the symbol for a deuteron.

Astronomy

A reaction involving one or more nuclei of atoms in which there is a change to the nuclei. Nuclear reactions can release enormous amounts of energy; examples are nucleosynthesis, fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. However, other nuclear reactions require an input of energy to build up elements heavier than iron, such as the r-process and s-process.

Chemistry

A reaction between atomic nuclei that results in different nuclei. Nuclear reactions can be written in the same way as chemical reactions. All the chemical elements except for hydrogen have been created in nuclear reactions (see nucleosynthesis). Nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and spallation are all types of nuclear reaction.

单词	nuclear reaction
释义	nuclear reaction Physics Any reaction in which there is a change to an atomic nucleus. This may be a natural spontaneous disintegration or an artificial bombardment of a nucleus with an energetic particle, as in a nuclear reactor. Nuclear reactions are commonly represented by enclosing within a bracket the symbols for the incoming and outgoing particles; the initial nuclide is shown before the bracket and the final nuclide after it. For example, the reaction: $^{12} C +^{2} H \to^{13} N +^{1} n$ is shown as ¹²C(d,n)¹³N, where d is the symbol for a deuteron. Astronomy A reaction involving one or more nuclei of atoms in which there is a change to the nuclei. Nuclear reactions can release enormous amounts of energy; examples are nucleosynthesis, fission, fusion, and radioactive decay. However, other nuclear reactions require an input of energy to build up elements heavier than iron, such as the r-process and s-process. Chemistry A reaction between atomic nuclei that results in different nuclei. Nuclear reactions can be written in the same way as chemical reactions. All the chemical elements except for hydrogen have been created in nuclear reactions (see nucleosynthesis). Nuclear fission, nuclear fusion, and spallation are all types of nuclear reaction.
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