Chancellor of West Germany (1969–74). He was mayor of West Berlin (1957–66) and in 1964 he became chairman of the West German Social Democratic Party. He achieved international recognition for his policy of détente and the opening of relations with the former Communist countries of the Eastern bloc in the 1960s. A pragmatist, he encouraged the negotiation of joint economic projects and a policy of non-aggression. He also chaired the Brandt Commission on the state of the world economy, the report on which was published in 1980 (see brandt report). He was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1971.