A decisive victory for the Roundheads and Scots during the English Civil War. The Cavalier general Prince Rupert had pursued them to Marston Moor, Yorkshire, after his relief of York. They attacked him unexpectedly in the evening, and Cromwell’s disciplined cavalry routed the Royalist troops. The Cavaliers lost perhaps 3000 men through casualties, and 4500 prisoners. After the encounter few northern fortresses held out for the king.