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单词 Bohr, Niels Henrik David (1885–1962)
释义
Bohr, Niels Henrik David (1885–1962)

Physics
  • In 1913 he published his explanation of how atoms, with electrons orbiting a central nucleus, achieve stability by assuming that their angular momentum is quantized. Movement of electrons from one orbit to another is accompanied by the absorption or emission of energy in the form of light, thus accounting for the series of lines in the emission spectrum of hydrogen. For this work Bohr was awarded the 1922 Nobel Prize. He also explained the periodic table in terms of shells of electrons and developed the liquid-drop model of the nucleus. In addition, he was very influential in developing the interpretation of quantum mechanics known as the Copenhagen interpretation in the second half of the 1920s, particularly the concept of complementarity. See Bohr theory.


Mathematics
  • whose work on the structure of atoms and on radiation won him the Nobel Prize for physics in 1922. He made further substantial contributions in the new field of quantum theory, together with Heisenberg formulating the Copenhagen interpretation. During the Second World War he escaped from occupied Denmark and worked in the UK and the USA on the nuclear bomb.


Chemistry
  • In 1913 he published his explanation of how atoms, with electrons orbiting a central nucleus, achieve stability by assuming that their angular momentum is quantized (see Bohr theory). Movement of electrons from one orbit to another is accompanied by the absorption or emission of energy in the form of light, thus accounting for the series of lines in the emission spectrum of hydrogen. In addition to this work, for which he was awarded the 1922 Nobel Prize for physics, Bohr made further contributions to the quantum theory of atoms, invented the idea of complementarity, and made important contributions to nuclear theory.


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