“turbulence”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

turbulence

Physics

A form of fluid flow in which the particles of the fluid move in a disordered manner in irregular paths, resulting in an exchange of momentum from one portion of a fluid to another. Turbulent flow takes over from laminar flow when high values of the Reynolds number are reached. A great deal of effort has gone into attempting to find a quantitative theory of turbulence. Although some partial success has been achieved, it cannot be claimed that a complete theory of turbulence exists.

Geology and Earth Sciences

Disturbed flow in a moving stream of air. It is manifested by variations of wind speed and direction (including vertical components), by vertical exchanges of mass, heat, momentum, water vapour, and any pollutants present, caused by eddies.

Geography

A gustiness in the three-dimensional flow of a fluid, irregular in both space and time, and characterized by local, short-lived rotation currents known as vortices. Turbulence is hierarchical; large eddies produce smaller ones, and so on, down a series of smaller and smaller scales. See Marquis and Roy (2011) ESPL 36, 4, 563, 2. In meteorology, it develops because of disturbances in air flows, the most important of which is wind shear; air parcels caught in a wind shear tend to roll over and over. The Reynolds number for turbulent flow is 2 000 to 2 500. In geomorphology, turbulent flow is classified according to the Froude number of a stream.

单词	turbulence
释义	turbulence Physics A form of fluid flow in which the particles of the fluid move in a disordered manner in irregular paths, resulting in an exchange of momentum from one portion of a fluid to another. Turbulent flow takes over from laminar flow when high values of the Reynolds number are reached. A great deal of effort has gone into attempting to find a quantitative theory of turbulence. Although some partial success has been achieved, it cannot be claimed that a complete theory of turbulence exists. Geology and Earth Sciences Disturbed flow in a moving stream of air. It is manifested by variations of wind speed and direction (including vertical components), by vertical exchanges of mass, heat, momentum, water vapour, and any pollutants present, caused by eddies. Geography A gustiness in the three-dimensional flow of a fluid, irregular in both space and time, and characterized by local, short-lived rotation currents known as vortices. Turbulence is hierarchical; large eddies produce smaller ones, and so on, down a series of smaller and smaller scales. See Marquis and Roy (2011) ESPL 36, 4, 563, 2. In meteorology, it develops because of disturbances in air flows, the most important of which is wind shear; air parcels caught in a wind shear tend to roll over and over. The Reynolds number for turbulent flow is 2 000 to 2 500. In geomorphology, turbulent flow is classified according to the Froude number of a stream.
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