The process by which individuals and groups are prevented from fully participating in society. Marginalized populations can experience barriers to accessing meaningful employment, adequate housing, education, recreation, clean water, health services, and other social determinants of health. Both community and individual health are deeply affected by marginalization. The Ontario marginalization index is based on four criteria: residential instability, material deprivation, dependency, and ethnic concentration. Geographies of marginalization consider the way space is fashioned to privilege some groups and marginalize others (Trudeau and McMorran in V. Del Casino et al. 2011).

http://www.torontohealthprofiles.ca/onmarg_faq.php#faqcom Ontario marginalization index.