“biosphere”的概念、定义、翻译、参考文献-科学参考

biosphere

Chemical Engineering

The sphere of life for all living organisms on Earth. It extends several kilometres above the surface of the Earth and down to the bottom of the deepest oceans. On land, it extends only a few metres below ground surface.

Biology

The whole of the region of the earth’s surface, the sea, and the air that is inhabited by living organisms: i.e. all of its biomes collectively.

Geology and Earth Sciences

The part of the Earth’s environment in which living organisms are found, and with which they interact to produce a steady-state system, effectively a whole-planet ecosystem. Sometimes it is termed ‘ecosphere’ to emphasize the interconnection of the biotic and abiotic components.

Geography

The zone where life is found; the outer portion of the geosphere and the inner portion of the atmosphere. This extends from 3 m below the ground to some 30 m above it. The biosphere also comprises that region of waters, some 200 m deep, where most marine and freshwater life is found. Gaia theory postulates biosphere-scale evolution; Free and Barton (2007) Trends in Ecol. & Evol. 22, 11 ask whether and why the biosphere might tend towards stability and self-regulation (but don’t look for a clear-cut answer). See Phillips (2008) PPG 32, 1 on goal functions in ecosystem and biosphere evolution.

单词	biosphere
释义	biosphere Chemical Engineering The sphere of life for all living organisms on Earth. It extends several kilometres above the surface of the Earth and down to the bottom of the deepest oceans. On land, it extends only a few metres below ground surface. Biology The whole of the region of the earth’s surface, the sea, and the air that is inhabited by living organisms: i.e. all of its biomes collectively. Geology and Earth Sciences The part of the Earth’s environment in which living organisms are found, and with which they interact to produce a steady-state system, effectively a whole-planet ecosystem. Sometimes it is termed ‘ecosphere’ to emphasize the interconnection of the biotic and abiotic components. Geography The zone where life is found; the outer portion of the geosphere and the inner portion of the atmosphere. This extends from 3 m below the ground to some 30 m above it. The biosphere also comprises that region of waters, some 200 m deep, where most marine and freshwater life is found. Gaia theory postulates biosphere-scale evolution; Free and Barton (2007) Trends in Ecol. & Evol. 22, 11 ask whether and why the biosphere might tend towards stability and self-regulation (but don’t look for a clear-cut answer). See Phillips (2008) PPG 32, 1 on goal functions in ecosystem and biosphere evolution.
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