A simple measure of connectivity which can be derived from the formula
where
e = number of edges (links),
v = number of vertices (nodes). Values of the beta index range from 0.0 for network, which consists just of nodes without any arcs, through 1.0 and greater where networks are well connected. See J. Jenelius (2009)
Transport Geog. 17, 234 for an illuminating account.